@article{uoadl:3058137,
    volume = "53",
    pages = "177-185",
    journal = "ATMOSPHERIC ENVIRONMENT",
    keywords = "AQMEII;  CAMx;  Decoupled direct methods;  MEGAN;  MM5;  Photochemical modeling;  PM10;  PM2.5;  WRF, Air quality;  Boundary conditions;  Estimation;  Input output programs;  Nitrogen oxides;  Ozone;  Particles (particulate matter);  Sensitivity analysis;  Sulfur dioxide, Quality assurance, nitrogen dioxide;  ozone;  sulfur dioxide, air quality;  ambient air;  atmospheric chemistry;  atmospheric modeling;  atmospheric pollution;  coastal zone;  data set;  dry deposition;  marine atmosphere;  model test;  nitrogen oxides;  ozone;  particulate matter;  photochemistry;  sensitivity analysis;  vertical distribution;  vessel;  volatile organic compound, air pollution;  air quality;  air quality model evaluation international initiative modelling system;  article;  camx photochemical grid model;  coastal waters;  concentration (parameters);  dry deposition;  Europe;  evaluation;  meteorology;  model;  particulate matter;  performance;  photochemistry;  pollution transport;  priority journal;  seasonal variation;  sensitivity analysis;  summer;  winter, Europe",
    BIBTEX_ENTRY = "article",
    year = "2012",
    author = "Nopmongcol, U. and Koo, B. and Tai, E. and Jung, J. and Piyachaturawat, P. and Emery, C. and Yarwood, G. and Pirovano, G. and Mitsakou, C. and Kallos, G.",
    abstract = "The CAMx photochemical grid model was used to model ozone (O 3) and particulate matter (PM) over a European modeling domain for calendar year 2006 as part of the Air Quality Model Evaluation International Initiative (AQMEII). The CAMx base case utilized input data provided by AQMEII for emissions, meteorology and boundary conditions. Sensitivity of model outputs to input data was investigated by using alternate input data and changing other important modeling assumptions including the schemes to represent photochemistry, dry deposition and vertical mixing. Impacts on model performance were evaluated by comparisons with ambient monitoring data. Base case model performance for January and July 2006 exhibited under-estimation trends for all pollutants both in winter and summer, except for SO 2. SO 2 generally had little bias although some over-estimation occurred at coastal locations and this was attributed to incorrect vertical distribution of emissions from marine vessels. Performance for NOx and NO 2 was better in winter than summer. The tendency to under-predict daytime NOx and O 3 in summer may result from insufficient NOx emissions or overstated daytime dilution (e.g., too deep planetary boundary layer) or monitors that are located near sources (e.g., roadside monitors). Winter O 3 was biased low and this was attributed to a low bias in the O 3 boundary conditions. PM 10 was widely under-predicted in both winter and summer. The poor PM 10 was influenced by under-estimation of coarse PM emissions. Sensitivities of O 3 concentrations to precursor emissions are quantified using the decoupled direct method in CAMx. The results suggest that O 3 production over the central and southern Europe during summer is mostly NOx-limited but for a more northerly city, London, O 3 production can be limited either by NOx or VOC depending upon daily meteorological conditions. © 2011 Elsevier Ltd.",
    title = "Modeling Europe with CAMx for the Air Quality Model Evaluation International Initiative (AQMEII)",
    doi = "10.1016/J.ATMOSENV.2011.11.023"
}