@article{2976963,
    title = "Towards a 1.5 MW, 140 GHz gyrotron for the upgraded ECRH system at W7-X",
    author = "Avramidis, K.A. and Ioannidis, Z.C. and Aiello, G. and Bénin, P. and Chelis, I. and Dinklage, A. and Gantenbein, G. and Illy, S. and Jelonnek, J. and Jin, J. and Laqua, H.P. and Leggieri, A. and Legrand, F. and Marek, A. and Marsen, S. and Pagonakis, I.G. and Ruess, T. and Rzesnicki, T. and Scherer, T. and Strauss, D. and Thumm, M. and Tigelis, I. and Wagner, D. and Weggen, J. and Wolf, R.C. and the Wendelstein 7-X Team",
    journal = "Fusion Engineering and Design",
    year = "2021",
    volume = "164",
    publisher = "ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD.",
    issn = "0920-3796",
    doi = "10.1016/j.fusengdes.2020.112173",
    keywords = "Cyclotrons;  Design;  Electron cyclotron resonance;  Tokamak devices;  Ultrafast lasers, Continuous waves;  CW gyrotron;  ECRH system;  Electron cyclotron resonance heating;  Experimental validations;  Industrial partners;  Short pulse;  WENDELSTEIN 7-X, Gyrotrons",
    abstract = "For the required upgrades of the Electron Cyclotron Resonance Heating system at the stellarator Wendelstein 7-X, the development of a 1.5 MW 140 GHz Continuous Wave (CW) prototype gyrotron has started. KIT has been responsible to deliver the scientific design of the tube (i.e. the electron optics design and the RF design), with contributions from NKUA and IPP. The prototype gyrotron has been ordered at the industrial partner, Thales, France, and is expected to be delivered in 2021. In parallel, a short-pulse pre-prototype gyrotron has been developed at KIT, to provide the means for a first experimental validation of the scientific design in ms pulses, prior to the construction of the CW prototype. This paper reports on the status of the 1.5 MW CW gyrotron development, focusing on the scientific design and its numerical and experimental validation. © 2021 Konstantinos A. Avramidis, Zisis C. Ioannidis, Gaetano Aiello, Patrick Bénin, Ioannis Chelis, Andreas Dinklage, Gerd Gantenbein, Stefan Illy, John Jelonnek, Jianbo Jin, Heinrich P. Laqua, Alberto Leggieri, François Legrand, Alexander Marek, Stefan Marsen, Ioannis Gr. Pagonakis, Tobias Ruess, Tomasz Rzesnicki, Theo Scherer, Dirk Strauss, Manfred Thumm, Ioannis Tigelis, Dietmar Wagner, Jörg Weggen, Robert C. Wolf, the Wendelstein 7-X Team"
}