@article{2982718,
    title = "To which world regions does the valence–dominance model of social perception apply?",
    author = "Jones, B.C. and DeBruine, L.M. and Flake, J.K. and Liuzza, M.T. and Antfolk, J. and Arinze, N.C. and Ndukaihe, I.L.G. and Bloxsom, N.G. and Lewis, S.C. and Foroni, F. and Willis, M.L. and Cubillas, C.P. and Vadillo, M.A. and Turiegano, E. and Gilead, M. and Simchon, A. and Saribay, S.A. and Owsley, N.C. and Jang, C. and Mburu, G. and Calvillo, D.P. and Wlodarczyk, A. and Qi, Y. and Ariyabuddhiphongs, K. and Jarukasemthawee, S. and Manley, H. and Suavansri, P. and Taephant, N. and Stolier, R.M. and Evans, T.R. and Bonick, J. and Lindemans, J.W. and Ashworth, L.F. and Hahn, A.C. and Chevallier, C. and Kapucu, A. and Karaaslan, A. and Leongómez, J.D. and Sánchez, O.R. and Valderrama, E. and Vásquez-Amézquita, M. and Hajdu, N. and Aczel, B. and Szecsi, P. and Andreychik, M. and Musser, E.D. and Batres, C. and Hu, C.-P. and Liu, Q.-L. and Legate, N. and Vaughn, L.A. and Barzykowski, K. and Golik, K. and Schmid, I. and Stieger, S. and Artner, R. and Mues, C. and Vanpaemel, W. and Jiang, Z. and Wu, Q. and Marcu, G.M. and Stephen, I.D. and Lu, J.G. and Philipp, M.C. and Arnal, J.D. and Hehman, E. and Xie, S.Y. and Chopik, W.J. and Seehuus, M. and Azouaghe, S. and Belhaj, A. and Elouafa, J. and Wilson, J.P. and Kruse, E. and Papadatou-Pastou, M. and De La Rosa-Gómez, A. and Barba-Sánchez, A.E. and González-Santoyo, I. and Hsu, T. and Kung, C.-C. and Wang, H.-H. and Freeman, J.B. and Oh, D.W. and Schei, V. and Sverdrup, T.E. and Levitan, C.A. and Cook, C.L. and Chandel, P. and Kujur, P. and Parganiha, A. and Parveen, N. and Pati, A.K. and Pradhan, S. and Singh, M.M. and Pande, B. and Bavolar, J. and Kačmár, P. and Zakharov, I. and Álvarez-Solas, S. and Baskin, E. and Thirkettle, M. and Schmidt, K. and Christopherson, C.D. and Leonis, T. and Suchow, J.W. and Olofsson, J.K. and Jernsäther, T. and Lee, A.-S. and Beaudry, J.L. and Gogan, T.D. and Oldmeadow, J.A. and Balas, B. and Stevens, L.M. and Colloff, M.F. and Flowe, H.D. and Gülgöz, S. and Brandt, M.J. and Hoyer, K. and Jaeger, B. and Ren, D. and Sleegers, W.W.A. and Wissink, J. and Kaminski, G. and Floerke, V.A. and Urry, H.L. and Chen, S.-C. and Pfuhl, G. and Vally, Z. and Basnight-Brown, D.M. and Jzerman, H.I. and Sarda, E. and Neyroud, L. and Badidi, T. and Van der Linden, N. and Tan, C.B.Y. and Kovic, V. and Sampaio, W. and Ferreira, P. and Santos, D. and Burin, D.I. and Gardiner, G. and Protzko, J. and Schild, C. and Ścigała, K.A. and Zettler, I. and O’Mara Kunz, E.M. and Storage, D. and Wagemans, F.M.A. and Saunders, B. and Sirota, M. and Sloane, G.V. and Lima, T.J.S. and Uittenhove, K. and Vergauwe, E. and Jaworska, K. and Stern, J. and Ask, K. and van Zyl, C.J.J. and Körner, A. and Weissgerber, S.C. and Boudesseul, J. and Ruiz-Dodobara, F. and Ritchie, K.L. and Michalak, N.M. and Blake, K.R. and White, D. and Gordon-Finlayson, A.R. and Anne, M. and Janssen, S.M.J. and Lee, K.M. and Nielsen, T.K. and Tamnes, C.K. and Zickfeld, J.H. and Rosa, A.D. and Vianello, M. and Kocsor, F. and Kozma, L. and Putz, Á. and Tressoldi, P. and Irrazabal, N. and Chatard, A. and Lins, S. and Pinto, I.R. and Lutz, J. and Adamkovic, M. and Babincak, P. and Baník, G. and Ropovik, I. and Coetzee, V. and Dixson, B.J.W. and Ribeiro, G. and Peters, K. and Steffens, N.K. and Tan, K.W. and Thorstenson, C.A. and Fernandez, A.M. and Hsu, R.M.C.S. and Valentova, J.V. and Varella, M.A.C. and Corral-Frías, N.S. and Frías-Armenta, M. and Hatami, J. and Monajem, A. and Sharifian, M.H. and Frohlich, B. and Lin, H. and Inzlicht, M. and Alaei, R. and Rule, N.O. and Lamm, C. and Pronizius, E. and Voracek, M. and Olsen, J. and Giolla, E.M. and Akgoz, A. and Özdoğru, A.A. and Crawford, M.T. and Bennett-Day, B. and Koehn, M.A. and Okan, C. and Gill, T. and Miller, J.K. and Dunham, Y. and Yang, X. and Alper, S. and Borras-Guevara, M.L. and Cai, S.J. and Tiantian, D. and Danvers, A.F. and Feinberg, D.R. and Armstrong, M.M. and Gilboa-Schechtman, E. and McCarthy, R.J. and Muñoz-Reyes, J.A. and Polo, P. and Shiramazu, V.K.M. and Yan, W.-J. and Carvalho, L. and Forscher, P.S. and Chartier, C.R. and Coles, N.A.",
    journal = "Nature Human Behaviour",
    year = "2021",
    volume = "5",
    number = "1",
    pages = "159-169",
    publisher = "Institute of Geographic Sciences and Natural Resources Research",
    issn = "2397-3374",
    doi = "10.1038/s41562-020-01007-2",
    keywords = "adolescent;  adult;  cultural factor;  decision making;  emotion;  ethnology;  facial expression;  human;  male;  perception;  psychological model;  psychology;  young adult, Adolescent;  Adult;  Cross-Cultural Comparison;  Emotions;  Facial Expression;  Humans;  Judgment;  Male;  Models, Psychological;  Social Perception;  Young Adult",
    abstract = "Abstract: Over the past 10 years, Oosterhof and Todorov’s valence–dominance model has emerged as the most prominent account of how people evaluate faces on social dimensions. In this model, two dimensions (valence and dominance) underpin social judgements of faces. Because this model has primarily been developed and tested in Western regions, it is unclear whether these findings apply to other regions. We addressed this question by replicating Oosterhof and Todorov’s methodology across 11 world regions, 41 countries and 11,570 participants. When we used Oosterhof and Todorov’s original analysis strategy, the valence–dominance model generalized across regions. When we used an alternative methodology to allow for correlated dimensions, we observed much less generalization. Collectively, these results suggest that, while the valence–dominance model generalizes very well across regions when dimensions are forced to be orthogonal, regional differences are revealed when we use different extraction methods and correlate and rotate the dimension reduction solution. Protocol registration: The stage 1 protocol for this Registered Report was accepted in principle on 5 November 2018. The protocol, as accepted by the journal, can be found at https://doi.org/10.6084/m9.figshare.7611443.v1. © 2021, The Author(s), under exclusive licence to Springer Nature Limited."
}