@article{2985502,
    title = "Carbohydrate mouth rinse does not affect performance during a 60-min running race in women",
    author = "Chryssanthopoulos, C. and Ziaras, C. and Oosthuyse, T. and Lambropoulos, I. and Giorgios, P. and Zacharogiannis, E. and Philippou, A. and Maridaki, M.",
    journal = "Journal of sports sciences",
    year = "2018",
    volume = "36",
    number = "7",
    pages = "824-833",
    publisher = "Routledge",
    issn = "0264-0414",
    doi = "10.1080/02640414.2017.1344358",
    keywords = "estradiol;  mouthwash;  progesterone, administration and dosage;  adult;  athletic performance;  blood;  body mass;  carbohydrate diet;  competitive behavior;  controlled study;  diet;  double blind procedure;  exercise;  female;  heart rate;  human;  humidity;  perception;  physiology;  randomized controlled trial;  running;  temperature, Adult;  Athletic Performance;  Body Mass Index;  Competitive Behavior;  Diet;  Dietary Carbohydrates;  Double-Blind Method;  Estradiol;  Female;  Heart Rate;  Humans;  Humidity;  Mouthwashes;  Perception;  Physical Exertion;  Progesterone;  Running;  Temperature",
    abstract = "This study examined the effect of carbohydrate mouth rinsing on endurance running performance in women. Fifteen female recreational endurance runners, who used no oral contraceptives, ran two races of 1-h duration on an indoor track (216-m length) at 18:00 h after an 8-h fast with a 7-days interval between races, corresponding to the 3rd-10th day of each premenopausal runner’s menstrual cycle, or any day for the postmenopausal runners. In a double-blind random order, participants rinsed their mouth with 25 ml of either a 6.4% carbohydrate (RCHO) or a placebo solution (RP). No fluid was ingested during exercise. Serum 17β-Εstradiol (P = 0.59) and Progesterone (P = 0.35) did not differ between treatments. There was no difference in 1-hour running performance (RCHO: 10,621.88 ± 205.98 m vs. RP: 10,454.00 ± 206.64 m; t = 1.784, P = 0.096). Furthermore, the mean percentage effect (±99%CI) of RCHO relative to RP, 1.67% (−1.1% to 4.4%), and Cohen’s effect size (d = 0.21) support a trivial outcome of RCHO for total distance covered. In conclusion, carbohydrate mouth rinsing did not improve 60-min track running performance in female recreational runners competing in a low ovarian hormone condition, after an 8-h fast and when no fluid was ingested during exercise. © 2017 Informa UK Limited, trading as Taylor & Francis Group."
}