@article{2985935,
    title = "Response of Caenorhabditis elegans to wireless devices radiation exposure",
    author = "Fasseas, M.K. and Fragopoulou, A.F. and Manta, A.K. and Skouroliakou, A. and Vekrellis, K. and Margaritis, L.H. and Syntichaki, P.",
    journal = "International Journal of Radiation Biology",
    year = "2015",
    volume = "91",
    number = "3",
    pages = "286-293",
    publisher = "Informa Healthcare",
    issn = "0955-3002, 1362-3095",
    doi = "10.3109/09553002.2014.995384",
    keywords = "reactive oxygen metabolite;  reactive oxygen metabolite, adult;  aging;  animal experiment;  animal model;  apoptosis;  Article;  assay;  Caenorhabditis elegans;  chemotaxis;  controlled study;  developmental stage;  electromagnetic radiation;  fertility;  gene expression;  growth;  lifespan;  marker gene;  mobile phone;  mutant;  nerve degeneration;  nonhuman;  oxidative stress;  practice guideline;  priority journal;  quantitative analysis;  radiation exposure;  radiation response;  reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction;  sham procedure;  short term memory;  telecommunication;  wild type;  wireless communication;  adverse effects;  animal;  Caenorhabditis elegans;  electromagnetic field;  female;  gene;  growth, development and aging;  longevity;  male;  metabolism;  nerve degeneration;  physiology;  radiation response;  radiobiology;  transgenic animal;  wireless communication, Animalia;  Caenorhabditis elegans, Animals;  Animals, Genetically Modified;  Apoptosis;  Caenorhabditis elegans;  Cell Phones;  Chemotaxis;  Electromagnetic Fields;  Female;  Fertility;  Gene Expression;  Genes, Helminth;  Growth;  Longevity;  Male;  Memory, Short-Term;  Nerve Degeneration;  Radiobiology;  Reactive Oxygen Species;  Wireless Technology",
    abstract = "Purpose: To examine the impact of electromagnetic radiation, produced by GSM (Global System for Mobile communications) mobile phones, Wi-Fi (Wireless-Fidelity) routers and wireless DECT (Digital Enhanced Cordless Telecommunications) phones, on the nematode Caenorhabditis elegans. Materials and methods: We exposed synchronized populations, of different developmental stages, to these wireless devices at E-field levels below ICNIRP's (International Commission on Non-Ionizing Radiation Protection) guidelines for various lengths of time. WT (wild-type) and aging- or stress-sensitive mutant worms were examined for changes in growth, fertility, lifespan, chemotaxis, short-term memory, increased ROS (Reactive Oxygen Species) production and apoptosis by using fluorescent marker genes or qRT-PCR (quantitative Reverse Transcription-Polymerase Chain Reaction). Results: No statistically significant differences were found between the exposed and the sham/control animals in any of the experiments concerning lifespan, fertility, growth, memory, ROS, apoptosis or gene expression. Conclusions: The worm appears to be robust to this form of (pulsed) radiation, at least under the exposure conditions used. © 2015 Informa UK, Ltd."
}