@article{2987214,
    title = "Nurses' burnout and associated risk factors during the COVID-19 pandemic: A systematic review and meta-analysis",
    author = "Galanis, P. and Vraka, I. and Fragkou, D. and Bilali, A. and Kaitelidou, D.",
    journal = "Australian Journal of Advanced Nursing",
    year = "2021",
    volume = "77",
    number = "8",
    pages = "3286-3302",
    publisher = "Wiley-Blackwell Publishing Ltd",
    issn = "0813-0531, 1447-4328",
    doi = "10.1111/jan.14839",
    keywords = "burnout;  epidemiology;  human;  meta analysis;  nurse;  pandemic;  risk factor, Burnout, Professional;  Burnout, Psychological;  COVID-19;  Humans;  Nurses;  Pandemics;  Risk Factors;  SARS-CoV-2",
    abstract = "Aims: To examine the nurses' burnout and associated risk factors during the COVID-19 pandemic. Design: We followed the Cochrane criteria and the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analysis guidelines for this systematic review and meta-analysis. Data Sources: PubMed, Scopus, ProQuest, Cochrane COVID-19 registry, CINAHL and pre-print services (medRχiv and PsyArXiv) were searched from January 1 to November 15, 2020 and we removed duplicates. Review Methods: We applied a random effect model to estimate pooled effects since the heterogeneity between results was very high. Results: Sixteen studies, including 18,935 nurses met the inclusion criteria. The overall prevalence of emotional exhaustion was 34.1%, of depersonalization was 12.6% and of lack of personal accomplishment was 15.2%. The main risk factors that increased nurses' burnout were the following: younger age, decreased social support, low family and colleagues readiness to cope with COVID-19 outbreak, increased perceived threat of Covid-19, longer working time in quarantine areas, working in a high-risk environment, working in hospitals with inadequate and insufficient material and human resources, increased workload and lower level of specialized training regarding COVID-19. Conclusion: Nurses experience high levels of burnout during the COVID-19 pandemic, while several sociodemographic, social and occupational factors affect this burnout. Impact: We found that burnout among nurses is a crucial issue during the COVID-19 pandemic. There is an urgent need to prepare nurses to cope better with COVID-19 pandemic. Identification of risk factors for burnout could be a significant weapon giving nurses and health care systems the ability to response in a better way against the following COVID-19 waves in the near future. © 2021 John Wiley & Sons Ltd"
}