@article{2989080,
    title = "Bulky DNA adducts, 4-aminobiphenyl-haemoglobin adducts and diet in the European Prospective Investigation into Cancer and Nutrition (EPIC) prospective study",
    author = "Peluso, M. and Airoldi, L. and Munnia, A. and Colombi, A. and Veglia, F. and Autrup, H. and Dunning, A. and Garte, S. and Gormally, E. and Malaveille, C. and Matullo, G. and Overvad, K. and Raaschou-Nielsen, O. and Clavel-Chapelon, F. and Linseisen, J. and Boeing, H. and Trichopoulou, A. and Palli, D. and Krogh, V. and Tumino, R. and Panico, S. and Bueno-De-Mesquita, B.H. and Peeters, P.H. and Kumle, M. and Agudo, A. and Martinez, C. and Dorronsoro, M. and Barricarte, A. and Tormo, M.J. and Quiros, J.R. and Berglund, G. and Jarvholm, B. and Day, N.E. and Key, T.J. and Saracci, R. and Kaaks, R. and Riboli, E. and Bingham, S. and Vineis, P.",
    journal = "British Journal of Nutrition",
    year = "2008",
    volume = "100",
    number = "3",
    pages = "489-495",
    issn = "0007-1145, 1475-2662",
    doi = "10.1017/S0007114508911600",
    keywords = "4 biphenylamine;  alcohol;  alpha tocopherol;  hemoglobin, adult;  aged;  alcohol consumption;  article;  bladder cancer;  body mass;  cancer risk;  carcinogen DNA interaction;  chemical carcinogenesis;  cohort analysis;  controlled study;  correlation function;  diet;  dietary fiber;  DNA adduct;  erythrocyte;  Europe;  female;  fruit;  human;  human cell;  larynx cancer;  leukemia;  leukocyte;  lung cancer;  major clinical study;  male;  mouth cancer;  multivariate analysis;  pharynx cancer;  prospective study;  regression analysis;  smoking;  statistical significance;  vitamin intake, Aged;  Air Pollutants;  Alcohol Drinking;  Biological Markers;  Body Mass Index;  Carcinogens;  Colonic Neoplasms;  Dietary Fiber;  DNA Adducts;  Erythrocytes;  Europe;  Fabaceae;  Female;  Fruit;  Hemoglobins;  Humans;  Leukocytes;  Male;  Middle Aged;  Multivariate Analysis;  Nutritional Physiological Phenomena;  Ozone;  Prospective Studies;  Vegetables",
    abstract = "In contrast to some extensively examined food mutagens, for example, aflatoxins, N-nitrosamines and heterocyclic amines, some other food contaminants, in particular polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAH) and other aromatic compounds, have received less attention. Therefore, exploring the relationships between dietary habits and the levels of biomarkers related to exposure to aromatic compounds is highly relevant. We have investigated in the European Prospective Investigation into Cancer and Nutrition (EPIC) cohort the association between dietary items (food groups and nutrients) and aromatic DNA adducts and 4-aminobiphenyl-Hb adducts. Both types of adducts are biomarkers of carcinogen exposure and possibly of cancer risk, and were measured, respectively, in leucocytes and erythrocytes of 1086 (DNA adducts) and 190 (Hb adducts) non-smokers. An inverse, statistically significant, association has been found between DNA adduct levels and dietary fibre intake (P=0.02), vitamin E (P=0.04) and alcohol (P=0.03) but not with other nutrients or food groups. Also, an inverse association between fibre and fruit intake, and BMI and 4-aminobiphenyl-Hb adducts (P=0.03, 0.04, and 0.03 respectively) was observed. After multivariate regression analysis these inverse correlations remained statistically significant, except for the correlation adducts v. fruit intake. The present study suggests that fibre intake in the usual range can modify the level of DNA or Hb aromatic adducts, but such role seems to be quantitatively modest. Fibres could reduce the formation of DNA adducts in different manners, by diluting potential food mutagens and carcinogens in the gastrointestinal tract, by speeding their transit through the colon and by binding carcinogenic substances."
}