@article{2997202,
    title = "Heterogeneous contributions of change in population distribution of body mass index to change in obesity and underweight",
    author = "Iurilli, M.L.C. and Zhou, B. and Bennett, J.E. and Carrillo-Larco, R.M. and Sophiea, M.K. and Rodriguez-Martinez, A. and Bixby, H. and Solomon, B.D. and Taddei, C. and Danaei, G. and Di Cesare, M. and Stevens, G.A. and Riley, L.M. and Savin, S. and Cowan, M.J. and Bovet, P. and Damasceno, A. and Chirita-Emandi, A. and Hayes, A.J. and Ikeda, N. and Jackson, R.T. and Khang, Y.-H. and Laxmaiah, A. and Liu, J. and Miranda, J.J. and Saidi, O. and Sebert, S. and Sorić, M. and Starc, G. and Gregg, E.W. and Abarca-Gómez, L. and Abdeen, Z.A. and Abdrakhmanova, S. and Ghaffar, S.A. and Rahim, H.F.A. and Abu-Rmeileh, N.M. and Garba, J.A. and Acosta-Cazares, B. and Adams, R.J. and Aekplakorn, W. and Afsana, K. and Afzal, S. and Agdeppa, I.A. and Aghazadeh-Attari, J. and Aguilar-Salinas, C.A. and Agyemang, C. and Ahmad, M.H. and Ahmad, N.A. and Ahmadi, A. and Ahmadi, N. and Ahmed, S.H. and Ahrens, W. and Aitmurzaeva, G. and Ajlouni, K. and Al-Hazzaa, H.M. and Al-Lahou, B. and Al-Raddadi, R. and Alarouj, M. and AlBuhairan, F. and AlDhukair, S. and Ali, M.M. and Alkandari, A. and Alkerwi, A. and Allin, K. and Alvarez-Pedrerol, M. and Aly, E. and Amarapurkar, D.N. and Amiri, P. and Amougou, N. and Amouyel, P. and Andersen, L.B. and Anderssen, S.A. and Ängquist, L. and Anjana, R.M. and Ansari-Moghaddam, A. and Aounallah-Skhiri, H. and Araújo, J. and Ariansen, I. and Aris, T. and Arku, R.E. and Arlappa, N. and Aryal, K.K. and Aspelund, T. and Assah, F.K. and Assunção, M.C.F. and Aung, M.S. and Auvinen, J. and Mária Avdicová and Avi, S. and Azevedo, A. and Azimi-Nezhad, M. and Azizi, F. and Azmin, M. and Babu, B.V. and Bæksgaard Jørgensen, M. and Baharudin, A. and Bahijri, S. and Baker, J.L. and Balakrishna, N. and Bamoshmoosh, M. and Banach, M. and Bandosz, P. and Banegas, J.R. and Baran, J. and Barbagallo, C.M. and Barceló, A. and Barkat, A. and Barros, A.J.D. and Barros, M.V.G. and Basit, A. and Bastos, J.L.D. and Bata, I. and Batieha, A.M. and Batista, R.L. and Battakova, Z. and Batyrbek, A. and Baur, L.A. and Beaglehole, R. and Bel-Serrat, S. and Belavendra, A. and Romdhane, H.B. and Benedics, J. and Benet, M. and Bergh, I.H. and Berkinbayev, S. and Bernabe-Ortiz, A. and Bernotiene, G. and Bettiol, H. and Bezerra, J. and Bhagyalaxmi, A. and Bharadwaj, S. and Bhargava, S.K. and Bhutta, Z.A. and Bi, H. and Bi, Y. and Bia, D. and Lele, E.C.B. and Bikbov, M.M. and Bista, B. and Bjelica, D.J. and Bjerregaard, P. and Bjertness, E. and Bjertness, M.B. and Björkelund, C. and Bloch, K.V. and Blokstra, A. and Bo, S. and Bobak, M. and Boddy, L.M. and Boehm, B.O. and Boeing, H. and Boggia, J.G. and Bogova, E. and Boissonnet, C.P. and Bojesen, S.E. and Bonaccio, M. and Bongard, V. and Bonilla-Vargas, A. and Bopp, M. and Borghs, H. and Braeckevelt, L. and Braeckman, L. and Bragt, M.C.E. and Brajkovich, I. and Branca, F. and Breckenkamp, J. and Breda, J. and Brenner, H. and Brewster, L.M. and Brian, G.R. and Brinduse, L. and Brophy, S. and Bruno, G. and Bueno-de-Mesquita, H.B. and Bugge, A. and Buoncristiano, M. and Burazeri, G. and Burns, C. and de León, A.C. and Cacciottolo, J. and Cai, H. and Cama, T. and Cameron, C. and Camolas, J. and Can, G. and Candido, A.P.C. and Cañete, F. and Capanzana, M.V. and Capková, N. and Capuano, E. and Capuano, V. and Cardol, M. and Cardoso, V.C. and Carlsson, A.C. and Carmuega, E. and Carvalho, J. and Casajús, J.A. and Casanueva, F.F. and Celikcan, E. and Censi, L. and Cervantes-Loaiza, M. and Cesar, J.A. and Chamukuttan, S. and Chan, A.W. and Chan, Q. and Chaturvedi, H.K. and Chaturvedi, N. and Rahim, N.C.A. and Chee, M.L. and Chen, C.-J. and Chen, F. and Chen, H. and Chen, S. and Chen, Z. and Cheng, C.-Y. and Cheraghian, B. and Chetrit, A. and Chikova-Iscener, E. and Chiolero, A. and Chiou, S.-T. and Chirlaque, M.-D. and Cho, B. and Christensen, K. and Christofaro, D.G. and Chudek, J. and Cifkova, R. and Cilia, M. and Cinteza, E. and Claessens, F. and Clarke, J. and Clays, E. and Cohen, E. and Concin, H. and Confortin, S.C. and Cooper, C. and Coppinger, T.C. and Corpeleijn, E. and Costanzo, S. and Cottel, D. and Cowell, C. and Craig, C.L. and Crampin, A.C. and Crujeiras, A.B. and Csilla, S. and Cucu, A.M. and Cui, L. and Cureau, F.V. and Czenczek-Lewandowska, E. and D’Arrigo, G. and d’Orsi, E. and Dacica, L. and Dal Re Saavedra, M.A. and Dallongeville, J. and Damsgaard, C.T. and Dankner, R. and Dantoft, T.M. and Dasgupta, P. and Dastgiri, S. and Dauchet, L. and Davletov, K. and De Backer, G. and De Bacquer, D. and de Gaetano, G. and De Henauw, S. and de Oliveira, P.D. and De Ridder, D. and De Ridder, K. and de Rooij, S.R. and De Smedt, D. and Deepa, M. and Deev, A.D. and DeGennaro, V., Jr and Dehghan, A. and Delisle, H. and Delpeuch, F. and Demarest, S. and Dennison, E. and Dereń, K. and Deschamps, V. and Dhimal, M. and Di Castelnuovo, A.F. and Dias-da-Costa, J.S. and Díaz-Sánchez, M.E. and Diaz, A. and Dika, Z. and Djalalinia, S. and Djordjic, V. and Do, H.T.P. and Dobson, A.J. and Donati, M.B. and Donfrancesco, C. and Donoso, S.P. and Döring, A. and Dorobantu, M. and Dorosty, A.R. and Doua, K. and Dragano, N. and Drygas, W. and Duan, J.L. and Duante, C.A. and Duboz, P. and Duda, R.B. and Duleva, V. and Dulskiene, V. and Dumith, S.C. and Dushpanova, A. and Dzerve, V. and Dziankowska-Zaborszczyk, E. and Eddie, R. and Eftekhar, E. and Egbagbe, E.E. and Eggertsen, R. and Eghtesad, S. and Eiben, G. and Ekelund, U. and El-Khateeb, M. and Ati, J.E. and Eldemire-Shearer, D. and Eliasen, M. and Elliott, P. and Engle-Stone, R. and Enguerran, M. and Erasmus, R.T. and Erbel, R. and Erem, C. and Eriksen, L. and Eriksson, J.G. and Escobedo-de la Peña, J. and Eslami, S. and Esmaeili, A. and Evans, A. and Faeh, D. and Fakhretdinova, A.A. and Fall, C.H. and Faramarzi, E. and Farjam, M. and Sant’Angelo, V.F. and Farzadfar, F. and Fattahi, M.R. and Fawwad, A. and Felix-Redondo, F.J. and Ferguson, T.S. and Fernandes, R.A. and Fernández-Bergés, D. and Ferrante, D. and 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    journal = "eLife",
    year = "2021",
    volume = "10",
    publisher = "eLife Sciences Publications Ltd",
    doi = "10.7554/eLife.60060",
    keywords = "adult;  aged;  Article;  body mass;  cardiometabolic risk;  female;  health insurance;  human;  major clinical study;  male;  malnutrition;  obesity;  population distribution;  prevalence;  risk factor;  underweight",
    abstract = "From 1985 to 2016, the prevalence of underweight decreased, and that of obesity and severe obesity increased, in most regions, with significant variation in the magnitude of these changes across regions. We investigated how much change in mean body mass index (BMI) explains changes in the prevalence of underweight, obesity, and severe obesity in different regions using data from 2896 population-based studies with 187 million participants. Changes in the prevalence of underweight and total obesity, and to a lesser extent severe obesity, are largely driven by shifts in the distribution of BMI, with smaller contributions from changes in the shape of the distribution. In East and Southeast Asia and sub-Saharan Africa, the underweight tail of the BMI distribution was left behind as the distribution shifted. There is a need for policies that address all forms of malnutrition by making healthy foods accessible and affordable, while restricting unhealthy foods through fiscal and regulatory restrictions. © Copyright."
}