@article{2998211,
    title = "Cerebrospinal Fluid TAR DNA-Binding Protein 43 Combined with Tau Proteins as a Candidate Biomarker for Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis and Frontotemporal Dementia Spectrum Disorders",
    author = "Bourbouli, M. and Rentzos, M. and Bougea, A. and Zouvelou, V. and Constantinides, V.C. and Zaganas, I. and Evdokimidis, I. and Kapaki, E. and Paraskevas, G.P.",
    journal = "Dementia and Geriatric Cognitive Disorders",
    year = "2017",
    volume = "44",
    number = "3-4",
    pages = "144-152",
    publisher = "S Karger AG",
    issn = "1420-8008, 1421-9824",
    doi = "10.1159/000478979",
    keywords = "albumin;  amino acid;  amyloid beta protein;  biological marker;  glucose;  phosphoprotein;  TAR DNA binding protein;  tau protein;  threonine;  amyloid beta protein;  amyloid beta-protein (1-42);  biological marker;  DNA binding protein;  peptide fragment;  tau protein;  TDP-43 protein, human;  threonine, adult;  amyotrophic lateral sclerosis;  Article;  blood brain barrier;  cerebrospinal fluid;  clinical assessment;  clinical practice;  controlled study;  dementia assessment;  diagnosis related group;  diagnostic test accuracy study;  diagnostic value;  disease duration;  educational status;  enzyme linked immunosorbent assay;  erythrocyte;  female;  frontal assessment battery;  frontotemporal dementia;  human;  human cell;  leukocyte;  lumbar puncture;  major clinical study;  male;  middle aged;  Mini Mental State Examination;  molecular diagnosis;  post hoc analysis;  priority journal;  protein cerebrospinal fluid level;  protein content;  protein phosphorylation;  receiver operating characteristic;  sensitivity and specificity;  aged;  amyotrophic lateral sclerosis;  frontotemporal dementia;  genetics;  metabolism;  phosphorylation;  Pick presenile dementia, Aged;  Amyloid beta-Peptides;  Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis;  Biomarkers;  DNA-Binding Proteins;  Female;  Frontotemporal Dementia;  Humans;  Male;  Middle Aged;  Peptide Fragments;  Phosphorylation;  Pick Disease of the Brain;  tau Proteins;  Threonine",
    abstract = "Background: Amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS) and frontotemporal dementia (FTD) are nowadays recognized as spectrum disorders with a molecular link, the TAR DNA-binding protein 43 (TDP-43), rendering it a surrogate biomarker for these disorders. Methods: We measured cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) levels of TDP-43, beta-amyloid peptide with 42 amino acids (Aβ42), total tau protein (τT), and tau protein phosphorylated at threonine 181 (τP-181) in 32 patients with ALS, 51 patients with FTD, and 17 healthy controls. Double-sandwich commercial enzyme-linked immunosorbent assays were used for measurements. Results: Both ALS and FTD patients presented with higher TDP-43 and τT levels compared to the control group. The combination of biomarkers in the form of the TDP-43 × τT / τP-181 formula achieved the best discrimination between ALS or FTD and controls, with sensitivities and specificities >0.8. Conclusion: Combined analysis of TDP-43, τT, and τP-181 in CSF may be useful for the antemortem diagnosis of ALS and FTD. © 2017 S. Karger AG, Basel."
}