@article{3002960,
    title = "Severe chronic allergic (and related) diseases: A uniform approach - A MeDALL - GA2 LEN - ARIA position paper",
    author = "Bousquet, J. and Anto, J.M. and Demoly, P. and Schünemann, H.J. and Togias, A. and Akdis, M. and Auffray, C. and Bachert, C. and Bieber, T. and Bousquet, P.J. and Carlsen, K.H. and Casale, T.B. and Cruz, A.A. and Keil, T. and Lodrup Carlsen, K.C. and Maurer, M. and Ohta, K. and Papadopoulos, N.G. and Roman Rodriguez, M. and Samolinski, B. and Agache, I. and Andrianarisoa, A. and Ang, C.S. and Annesi-Maesano, I. and Ballester, F. and Baena-Cagnani, C.E. and Basagaña, X. and Bateman, E.D. and Bel, E.H. and Bedbrook, A. and Beghé, B. and Beji, M. and Ben Kheder, A. and Benet, M. and Bennoor, K.S. and Bergmann, K.C. and Berrissoul, F. and Bindslev Jensen, C. and Bleecker, E.R. and Bonini, S. and Boner, A.L. and Boulet, L.P. and Brightling, C.E. and Brozek, J.L. and Bush, A. and Busse, W.W. and Camargos, P.A.M. and Canonica, G.W. and Carr, W. and Cesario, A. and Chen, Y.Z. and Chiriac, A.M. and Costa, D.J. and Cox, L. and Custovic, A. and Dahl, R. and Darsow, U. and Didi, T. and Dolen, W.K. and Douagui, H. and Dubakiene, R. and El-Meziane, A. and Fonseca, J.A. and Fokkens, W.J. and Fthenou, E. and Gamkrelidze, A. and Garcia-Aymerich, J. and Van Wijk, R.G. and Gimeno-Santos, E. and Guerra, S. and Haahtela, T. and Haddad, H. and Hellings, P.W. and Hellquist-Dahl, B. and Hohmann, C. and Howarth, P. and Hourihane, J.O. and Humbert, M. and Jacquemin, B. and Just, J. and Kalayci, O. and Kaliner, M.A. and Kauffmann, F. and Kerkhof, M. and Khayat, G. and Koffi N'Goran, B. and Kogevinas, M. and Koppelman, G.H. and Kowalski, M.L. and Kull, I. and Kuna, P. and Larenas, D. and Lavi, I. and Le, L.T. and Lieberman, P. and Lipworth, B. and Mahboub, B. and Makela, M.J. and Martin, F. and Martinez, F.D. and Marshall, G.D. and Mazon, A. and Melen, E. and Meltzer, E.O. and Mihaltan, F. and Mohammad, Y. and Mohammadi, A. and Momas, I. and Morais-Almeida, M. and Mullol, J. and Muraro, A. and Naclerio, R. and Nafti, S. and Namazova-Baranova, L. and Nawijn, M.C. and Nyembue, T.D. and Oddie, S. and O'Hehir, R.E. and Okamoto, Y. and Orru, M.P. and Ozdemir, C. and Ouedraogo, G.S. and Palkonen, S. and Panzner, P. and Passalacqua, G. and Pawankar, R. and Pigearias, B. and Pin, I. and Pinart, M. and Pison, C. and Popov, T.A. and Porta, D. and Postma, D.S. and Price, D. and Rabe, K.F. and Ratomaharo, J. and Reitamo, S. and Rezagui, D. and Ring, J. and Roberts, R. and Roca, J. and Rogala, B. and Romano, A. and Rosado-Pinto, J. and Ryan, D. and Sanchez-Borges, M. and Scadding, G.K. and Sheikh, A. and Simons, F.E.R. and Siroux, V. and Schmid-Grendelmeier, P.D. and Smit, H.A. and Sooronbaev, T. and Stein, R.T. and Sterk, P.J. and Sunyer, J. and Terreehorst, I. and Toskala, E. and Tremblay, Y. and Valenta, R. and Valeyre, D. and Vandenplas, O. and Van Weel, C. and Vassilaki, M. and Varraso, R. and Viegi, G. and Wang, D.Y. and Wickman, M. and Williams, D. and Wöhrl, S. and Wright, J. and Yorgancioglu, A. and Yusuf, O.M. and Zar, H.J. and Zernotti, M.E. and Zidarn, M. and Zhong, N. and Zuberbier, T.",
    journal = "International Archives of Allergy and Immunology",
    year = "2012",
    volume = "158",
    number = "3",
    pages = "216-231",
    issn = "1018-2438, 1423-0097",
    doi = "10.1159/000332924",
    keywords = "corticosteroid;  omalizumab, allergic asthma;  article;  atopic dermatitis;  chronic rhinosinusitis;  chronic urticaria;  clinical practice;  clinical trial (topic);  comorbidity;  developing country;  disease control;  disease exacerbation;  disease severity;  follow up;  genetic analysis;  health care planning;  human;  nonhuman;  practice guideline;  priority journal;  reimbursement;  rhinitis;  rhinoconjunctivitis;  risk assessment;  risk factor;  sensitivity analysis;  treatment response;  urticaria, Asthma;  Chronic Disease;  Comorbidity;  Dermatitis, Atopic;  Humans;  Hypersensitivity;  Practice Guidelines as Topic;  Rhinitis;  Severity of Illness Index;  Sinusitis;  Urticaria",
    abstract = "Concepts of disease severity, activity, control and responsiveness to treatment are linked but different. Severity refers to the loss of function of the organs induced by the disease process or to the occurrence of severe acute exacerbations. Severity may vary over time and needs regular follow-up. Control is the degree to which therapy goals are currently met. These concepts have evolved over time for asthma in guidelines, task forces or consensus meetings. The aim of this paper is to generalize the approach of the uniform definition of severe asthma presented to WHO for chronic allergic and associated diseases (rhinitis, chronic rhinosinusitis, chronic urticaria and atopic dermatitis) in order to have a uniform definition of severity, control and risk, usable in most situations. It is based on the appropriate diagnosis, availability and accessibility of treatments, treatment responsiveness and associated factors such as comorbidities and risk factors. This uniform definition will allow a better definition of the phenotypes of severe allergic (and related) diseases for clinical practice, research (including epidemiology), public health purposes, education and the discovery of novel therapies. Copyright © 2012 S. Karger AG, Basel."
}