@article{3004066,
    title = "Cutaneous lupus erythematosus: First multicenter database analysis of 1002 patients from the European Society of Cutaneous Lupus Erythematosus (EUSCLE)",
    author = "Biazar, C. and Sigges, J. and Patsinakidis, N. and Ruland, V. and Amler, S. and Bonsmann, G. and Kuhn, A. and Haust, M. and Nyberg, F. and Bata, Z. and Mihályi, L. and Olteanu, R. and Pujol, R.M. and Sánchez-Schmidt, J.M. and Medenica, L. and Skiljevic, D. and Reich, A. and Szepietowski, J.C. and Dalle Vedove, C. and Girolomoni, G. and Hawro, T. and Zalewska-Janowska, A. and Glaeser, R. and Huegel, R. and Jedlicková, H. and Bygum, A. and Laurinaviciene, R. and Benoit, S. and Broecker, E. and Bahmer, F.A. and Aberer, E. and Wutte, N. and Lipozencic, J. and Marinovic, B. and Sárdy, M. and Bekou, V. and Ruzicka, T. and Frances, C. and Soutou, B. and Lee, H. and Worm, M. and Gruschke, A. and Hunzelmann, N. and Steinbrink, K. and Romiti, R. and Sticherling, M. and Erfurt-Berge, C. and Avgerinou, G. and Papafragkaki, D. and Antiga, E. and Caproni, M. and Mayer, B. and Volc-Platzer, B. and Kreuter, A. and Tigges, C. and Heil, P.M. and Stingl, G.",
    journal = "AUTOIMMUNITY REVIEWS",
    year = "2013",
    volume = "12",
    number = "3",
    pages = "444-454",
    issn = "1568-9972",
    doi = "10.1016/j.autrev.2012.08.019",
    keywords = "antinuclear antibody, adult;  antibody detection;  cross-sectional study;  disease classification;  female;  human;  major clinical study;  male;  multicenter study;  onset age;  outcome assessment;  photosensitivity;  prevalence;  prospective study;  review;  Sjoegren syndrome;  skin defect;  skin lupus erythematosus, Adult;  Age Factors;  Age of Onset;  Aged;  Cross-Sectional Studies;  Databases, Factual;  Diagnosis, Differential;  Europe;  Female;  Geography, Medical;  Humans;  Lupus Erythematosus, Cutaneous;  Male;  Middle Aged;  Prospective Studies;  Questionnaires;  Sex Factors;  Skin",
    abstract = "In this prospective, cross-sectional, multicenter study, we assessed clinical and laboratory characteristics from patients with cutaneous lupus erythematosus (CLE) using the Core Set Questionnaire of the European Society of Cutaneous Lupus Erythematosus (EUSCLE). 1002 (768 females, 234 males) patients with different subtypes of CLE, such as acute CLE (ACLE, 304 patients), subacute CLE (SCLE, 236 patients), chronic CLE (CCLE, 397 patients), and intermittent CLE (ICLE, 65 patients), from 13 European countries were collected and statistically analyzed by an SPSS database. The main outcome measures included gender, age at onset of disease, LE-specific and LE-nonspecific skin lesions, photosensitivity, laboratory features, and the criteria of the American College of Rheumatology (ACR) for the classification of systemic lupus erythematosus. The mean age at onset of disease was 43.0±15.7 years and differed significantly between the CLE subtypes. In 347 (34.6%) of the 1002 patients, two or more CLE subtypes were diagnosed during the course of the disease and 453 (45.2%) presented with LE-nonspecific manifestations. Drug-induced CLE and SjögrenD́s Syndrome had the highest prevalence in SCLE patients (13.1% and 14.0%, respectively). Photosensitivity was significantly more frequent in patients with ACLE, SCLE, and ICLE compared with those with CCLE. The detection of antinuclear antibodies such as anti-Ro/SSA and anti-La/SSB antibodies revealed further significant differences between the CLE subtypes. In summary, the EUSCLE Core Set Questionnaire and its database facilitate the analysis of clinical and laboratory features in a high number of patients with CLE and will contribute to standardized assessment and monitoring of the disease in Europe. © 2012 Elsevier B.V."
}