@article{3020074,
    title = "Thromboprophylaxis in Patients with COVID-19: Systematic Review of National and International Clinical Guidance Reports",
    author = "Kyriakoulis, K.G. and Kollias, A. and Kyriakoulis, I.G. and Kyprianou, I.A. and Papachrysostomou, C. and Makaronis, P. and Kotronias, R.A. and Terentes-Printzios, D. and Toskas, I. and Mikhailidis, D.P.",
    journal = "Current Vascular Pharmacology",
    year = "2022",
    volume = "20",
    number = "1",
    pages = "96-110",
    publisher = "Bentham Science Publishers",
    issn = "1570-1611",
    doi = "10.2174/1570161119666210824160332",
    keywords = "anticoagulant agent, aftercare;  hospital discharge;  human;  risk factor;  venous thromboembolism, Aftercare;  Anticoagulants;  COVID-19;  Humans;  Patient Discharge;  Risk Factors;  SARS-CoV-2;  Venous Thromboembolism",
    abstract = "Background: Venous Thromboembolism (VTE) is common among patients with severe Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID-19). Anticoagulation in hospitalized COVID-19 patients has been associated with survival benefit; however, the optimal thromboprophylaxis strategy has not yet been defined. Objective: To identify published guidance reports by national and international societies regarding thromboprophylaxis strategies in COVID-19 patients in different settings (outpatients, hospitalized, post-discharge). Methods: A systematic review of the literature (Pubmed/EMBASE) was conducted independently by two investigators. Results: Among 1942 initially identified articles, 33 guidance documents were included: 20 published by national and 13 by international societies. These documents provide recommendations mainly for hospitalized (97% of reports) and post-discharge (75%) COVID-19 patients, and less so for outpatients (34%). Thrombotic and bleeding risk stratification prior to any treatment decision is the cornerstone of all suggested thromboprophylaxis strategies; 81% of the documents recommend thromboprophylaxis for all hospitalized patients with a prophylactic dosage of low molecular weight heparin irrespective of VTE risk. Intermediate or therapeutic dose intensity is recommended in high VTE risk patients by 56% and 28% of documents, respectively. Mechanical thromboprophylaxis is suggested in case of high bleeding risk or contraindication to pharmacological thromboprophylaxis (59% of documents). Extended pharmacological thromboprophylaxis is recommended for patients with high VTE risk after hospital discharge (63% of documents). For non-hospitalized outpatients, 28% of documents recommend pharmacological thromboprophylaxis for high VTE risk. Conclusion: The current guidance identifies thromboprophylaxis in COVID-19 patients, especially during hospitalization, as of major importance for the prevention of VTE. Recommendations are derived from limited evidence from observational studies. © 2022 Bentham Science Publishers."
}