@article{3021702,
    title = "The Co-existence of NASH and chronic kidney disease boosts cardiovascular risk: Are there any common therapeutic options?",
    author = "Papademetriou, M. and Athyros, V.G. and Geladari, E. and Doumas, M. and Tsioufis, C. and Papademetriou, V.",
    journal = "Current Vascular Pharmacology",
    year = "2018",
    volume = "16",
    number = "3",
    pages = "254-268",
    publisher = "Bentham Science Publishers B.V.",
    issn = "1570-1611",
    doi = "10.2174/1570161115666170621081638",
    keywords = "aldosterone;  atorvastatin;  empagliflozin;  glucagon like peptide receptor;  liraglutide;  rosuvastatin;  sodium glucose cotransporter 2;  statin (protein);  antidiabetic agent;  antihypertensive agent;  hydroxymethylglutaryl coenzyme A reductase inhibitor, cardiovascular disease;  cardiovascular mortality;  cardiovascular risk;  cerebrovascular accident;  chronic kidney failure;  chronic liver disease;  heart infarction;  histology;  human;  insulin resistance;  mortality;  nonalcoholic fatty liver;  oxidative stress;  pathophysiology;  peripheral occlusive artery disease;  quality of life;  renin angiotensin aldosterone system;  Review;  steatosis;  transient ischemic attack;  treatment outcome;  animal;  cardiovascular disease;  chronic kidney failure;  comorbidity;  drug effect;  nonalcoholic fatty liver;  prevalence;  risk factor;  treatment outcome, Animals;  Antihypertensive Agents;  Cardiovascular Diseases;  Comorbidity;  Humans;  Hydroxymethylglutaryl-CoA Reductase Inhibitors;  Hypoglycemic Agents;  Non-alcoholic Fatty Liver Disease;  Prevalence;  Renal Insufficiency, Chronic;  Renin-Angiotensin System;  Risk Factors;  Treatment Outcome",
    abstract = "Non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) is becoming the most common chronic liver disease. NAFLD may evolve to non-alcoholic steatohepatitis (NASH), which is causally related to cirrhosis and cardiovascular disease (CVD) mortality. There is no generally accepted effective treatment for NAFLD/NASH. Chronic kidney disease (CKD) is relatively common and might co-exist with NAFLD/NASH, aggravate one another, and increase CVD risk. Common therapies could improve outcome. Potent statins at high doses, such as atorvastatin and rosuvastatin, ameliorate NAFLD/NASH and reduce the mortality rates by half as compared with those on the same statins but without liver disease and CVD-related events are reduced by atorvastatin for patients with all stages of CKD. The new anti-diabetic medication classes, the sodium-glucose co-transporter-2 inhibitors (SGLT2i) and the glucagon like peptide receptor agonists (GLP1 RA) for patients with NAFLD/NASH, CKD and T2DM are useful because they ameliorate NAFLD/NASH, delay the evolution of CKD, and substantially reduce CVD and all-cause mortality. Thus, the common use of high potency statins, renin-angiotensin-aldosterone system inhibitors, and the newer anti-diabetic agents increase compliance and can substantially reduce CVD risk and the rate of liver and kidney adverse events, improving quality of life and survival. © 2018 Bentham Science Publishers."
}