@article{3024294,
    title = "Performance of Underwater Wireless Optical Link Under Weak Turbulence and Pointing Errors Using Heterodyne QAM Technique",
    author = "Stassinakis, A.N. and Nistazakis, H.E. and Varotsos, G.K. and Tombras, G.S.",
    journal = "Lecture Notes in Computer Science (including subseries Lecture Notes in Artificial Intelligence and Lecture Notes in Bioinformatics)",
    year = "2020",
    volume = "11616 LNCS",
    pages = "552-559",
    publisher = "Springer-Verlag",
    doi = "10.1007/978-3-030-38085-4_47",
    keywords = "Bit error rate;  Errors;  Fiber optic networks;  Functions;  Heterodyne detection;  Optical links;  Quadrature amplitude modulation;  Turbulence, Closed form;  Link parameters;  Mathematical expressions;  Numerical results;  Optical wireless communications;  Pointing errors;  Weak turbulence;  Wireless-optical, Optical heterodyning",
    abstract = "Underwater optical wireless communications (UOWC) have gained attention due to the advantages they offer that can greatly alter the performance of a link. But such systems are affected by absorption and non predictable factors that may decrease the availability and the reliability of the system. In this work, the bit error rate (BER) of an underwater optical link with heterodyne detection modulated with M-QAM technique in presence of turbulence and pointing errors will be investigated. This investigation will lead to a closed form mathematical expression for the BER as a function of link parameters, that is very important in order to deploy an effective link. Various numerical results will also be presented for the reliability of the system. © 2020, IFIP International Federation for Information Processing."
}