@article{3029487,
    title = "Review article: Risk management framework of environmental hazards and
extremes in Mediterranean ecosystems",
    author = "Nastos, Panagiotis T. and Dalezios, Nicolas R. and Faraslis, Ioannis N. and and Mitrakopoulos, Kostas and Blanta, Anna and Spiliotopoulos, Marios and and Sakellariou, Stavros and Sidiropoulos, Pantelis and Tarquis, Ana M.",
    journal = "Natural Hazards and Earth System Sciences",
    year = "2021",
    volume = "21",
    number = "6",
    pages = "1935-1954",
    publisher = "COPERNICUS GESELLSCHAFT MBH",
    issn = "1561-8633, 1684-9981",
    doi = "10.5194/nhess-21-1935-2021",
    abstract = "Risk assessment constitutes the first part within the risk management
framework and involves evaluating the importance of a risk, either
quantitatively or qualitatively. Risk assessment consists of three
steps, namely risk identification, risk estimation and risk evaluation.
Nevertheless, the risk management framework also includes a fourth step,
i.e., the need for feedback on all the risk assessment undertakings
However, there is a lack of such feedback, which constitutes a serious
deficiency in the reduction of environmental hazards at the present
time. Risk identification of local or regional hazards involves hazard
quantification, event monitoring including early warning systems and
statistical inference. Risk identification also involves the development
of a database where historical hazard information and hazard effects are
included. Similarly, risk estimation involves magnitude-frequency
relationships and hazard economic costs. Furthermore, risk evaluation
consists of the social consequences of the derived risk and involves
costbenefit analysis and community policy. The objective of this review
paper is twofold. On the one hand, it is to address meteorological
hazards and extremes within the risk management framework. Analysis
results and case studies over Mediterranean ecosystems with emphasis on
the wider area of Greece, in the eastern Mediterranean, are presented
for each of the three steps of risk assessment for several environmental
hazards. The results indicate that the risk management framework
constitutes an integrated approach for environmental planning and
decision-making. On the other hand, it sheds light on advances and
current trends in the considered meteorological and environmental
hazards and extreme events, such as tornadoes, waterspouts, hailstorms,
heat waves, droughts, floods, heavy convective precipitation, landslides
and wildfires, using recorded datasets, model simulations and innovative
methodologies."
}