@article{3030680,
    title = "Acute abdomen in the immunocompromised patient: WSES, SIS-E, WSIS, AAST,
and GAIS guidelines",
    author = "Coccolini, Federico and Improta, Mario and Sartelli, Massimo and Rasa, and Kemal and Sawyer, Robert and Coimbra, Raul and Chiarugi, Massimo and and Litvin, Andrey and Hardcastle, Timothy and Forfori, Francesco and and Vincent, Jean-Louis and Hecker, Andreas and Ten Broek, Richard and and Bonavina, Luigi and Chirica, Mircea and Boggi, Ugo and Pikoulis, and Emmanuil and Di Saverio, Salomone and Montravers, Philippe and Augustin, and Goran and Tartaglia, Dario and Cicuttin, Enrico and Cremonini, Camilla and and Viaggi, Bruno and De Simone, Belinda and Malbrain, Manu and Shelat, and Vishal G. and Fugazzola, Paola and Ansaloni, Luca and Isik, Arda and and Rubio, Ines and Kamal, Itani and Corradi, Francesco and Tarasconi, and Antonio and Gitto, Stefano and Podda, Mauro and Pikoulis, Anastasia and and Leppaniemi, Ari and Ceresoli, Marco and Romeo, Oreste and Moore, Ernest and E. and Demetrashvili, Zaza and Biffl, Walter L. and Wani, Imitiaz and and Tolonen, Matti and Duane, Therese and Dhingra, Sameer and DeAngelis, and Nicola and Tan, Edward and Abu-Zidan, Fikri and Ordonez, Carlos and Cui, and Yunfeng and Labricciosa, Francesco and Perrone, Gennaro and Di Marzo, and Francesco and Peitzman, Andrew and Sakakushev, Boris and Sugrue, Michael and and Boermeester, Marja and Nunez, Ramiro Manzano and Gomes, Carlos and Augusto and Bala, Miklosh and Kluger, Yoram and Catena, Fausto",
    journal = "World Journal of Emergency Surgery",
    year = "2021",
    volume = "16",
    number = "1",
    publisher = "BMC",
    issn = "1749-7922",
    doi = "10.1186/s13017-021-00380-1",
    keywords = "Infections; Intra-abdominal; Peritonitis; Cholecystitis; Appendicitis;
Diverticulitis; Perforation; Transplanted; Oncologic; Cancer;
Perioperative; Anesthesia; Hematologic; Cytomegalovirus; Tuberculosis;
Lymphoma; Leukemia; Immunosuppression; Immunocompetence;
Immunocompromise",
    abstract = "Immunocompromised patients are a heterogeneous and diffuse category
frequently presenting to the emergency department with acute surgical
diseases. Diagnosis and treatment in immunocompromised patients are
often complex and must be multidisciplinary. Misdiagnosis of an acute
surgical disease may be followed by increased morbidity and mortality.
Delayed diagnosis and treatment of surgical disease occur; these
patients may seek medical assistance late because their symptoms are
often ambiguous. Also, they develop unique surgical problems that do not
affect the general population. Management of this population must be
multidisciplinary. This paper presents the World Society of Emergency
Surgery (WSES), Surgical Infection Society Europe (SIS-E), World
Surgical Infection Society (WSIS), American Association for the Surgery
of Trauma (AAST), and Global Alliance for Infection in Surgery (GAIS)
joined guidelines about the management of acute abdomen in
immunocompromised patients."
}