@article{3031079,
    title = "Oxidative Stress and NADPH Oxidase: Connecting Electromagnetic Fields,
Cation Channels and Biological Effects",
    author = "Georgiou, Christos D. and Margaritis, Lukas H.",
    journal = "International Journal of Molecular Sciences",
    year = "2021",
    volume = "22",
    number = "18",
    publisher = "MDPI",
    issn = "1422-0067",
    doi = "10.3390/ijms221810041",
    keywords = "EMF; voltage-gated calcium channels; cation channels; ROS; DNA damage;
carcinogenesis",
    abstract = "Electromagnetic fields (EMFs) disrupt the electrochemical balance of
biological membranes, thereby causing abnormal cation movement and
deterioration of the function of membrane voltage-gated ion channels.
These can trigger an increase of oxidative stress (OS) and the
impairment of all cellular functions, including DNA damage and
subsequent carcinogenesis. In this review we focus on the main
mechanisms of OS generation by EMF-sensitized NADPH oxidase (NOX), the
involved OS biochemistry, and the associated key biological effects."
}