@article{3034742,
    title = "Coffee consumption and gastric cancer: a pooled analysis from the
Stomach cancer Pooling Project consortium",
    author = "Martimianaki, Georgia and Bertuccio, Paola and Alicandro, Gianfranco and and Pelucchi, Claudio and Bravi, Francesca and Carioli, Greta and Bonzi, and Rossella and Rabkin, Charles S. and Liao, Linda M. and Sinha, Rashmi and and Johnson, Ken and Hu, Jinfu and Palli, Domenico and Ferraroni, Monica and and Lunet, Nuno and Morais, Samantha and Tsugane, Shoichiro and Hidaka, and Akihisa and Hamada, Gerson Shigueaki and Lopez-Carrillo, Lizbeth and and Hernandez-Ramirez, Raul Ulises and Zaridze, David and Maximovitch, and Dmitry and Aragones, Nuria and Martin, Vicente and Ward, Mary H. and and Vioque, Jesus and Garcia de la Hera, Manoli and Zhang, Zuo-Feng and and Kurtz, Robert C. and Lagiou, Pagona and Lagiou, Areti and Trichopoulou, and Antonia and Karakatsani, Anna and Malekzadeh, Reza and Camargo, M. and Constanza and Curado, Maria Paula and Boccia, Stefania and Boffetta, and Paolo and Negri, Eva and La Vecchia, Carlo",
    journal = "European Journal of Cancer Prevention: The Official Journal of the European Cancer Prevention Organisation (ECP)",
    year = "2022",
    volume = "31",
    number = "2",
    pages = "117-127",
    publisher = "Lippincott, Williams & Wilkins",
    issn = "0959-8278",
    doi = "10.1097/CEJ.0000000000000680",
    keywords = "cardia cancer; case-control study; coffee; gastric cancer; pooled
analysis",
    abstract = "Objective This study aimed to evaluate and quantify the relationship
between coffee and gastric cancer using a uniquely large dataset from an
international consortium of observational studies on gastric cancer,
including data from 18 studies, for a total of 8198 cases and 21 419
controls. Methods A two-stage approach was used to obtain the pooled
odds ratios (ORs) and the corresponding 95% confidence intervals (CIs)
for coffee drinkers versus never or rare drinkers. A one-stage logistic
mixed-effects model with a random intercept for each study was used to
estimate the dose-response relationship. Estimates were adjusted for
sex, age and the main recognized risk factors for gastric cancer.
Results Compared to never or rare coffee drinkers, the estimated pooled
OR for coffee drinkers was 1.03 (95% CI, 0.94-1.13). When the amount of
coffee intake was considered, the pooled ORs were 0.91 (95% CI,
0.81-1.03) for drinkers of 1-2 cups per day, 0.95 (95% CI, 0.82-1.10)
for 3-4 cups, and 0.95 (95% CI, 0.79-1.15) for five or more cups. An OR
of 1.20 (95% CI, 0.91-1.58) was found for heavy coffee drinkers (seven
or more cups of caffeinated coffee per day). A positive association
emerged for high coffee intake (five or more cups per day) for gastric
cardia cancer only. Conclusions These findings better quantify the
previously available evidence of the absence of a relevant association
between coffee consumption and gastric cancer."
}