@article{3036031,
    title = "Collision avoidance in TV white spaces: A cross-layer design approach for cognitive radio networks",
    author = "Foukalas, F. and Karetsos, G.T.",
    journal = "AEά - International Journal of Electronics and Communications",
    year = "2015",
    volume = "102",
    number = "7",
    pages = "1151-1164",
    publisher = "Taylor and Francis Ltd.",
    issn = "1434-8411",
    doi = "10.1080/00207217.2014.966335",
    keywords = "Carrier communication;  Carrier sense multiple access;  Collision avoidance;  Markov chains;  Medium access control;  Radio;  Radio systems, Achievable throughputs;  Carrier sense multiple access with collision avoidances;  Cognitive radio network;  Cognitive radio networks (CRNs);  Cross-layer design;  Medium access control layer;  Probability of detection;  Spectrum sensing, Cognitive radio",
    abstract = "One of the most promising applications of cognitive radio networks (CRNs) is the efficient exploitation of TV white spaces (TVWSs) for enhancing the performance of wireless networks. In this paper, we propose a cross-layer design (CLD) of carrier sense multiple access with collision avoidance (CSMA/CA) mechanism at the medium access control (MAC) layer with spectrum sensing (SpSe) at the physical layer, for identifying the occupancy status of TV bands. The proposed CLD relies on a Markov chain model with a state pair containing both the SpSe and the CSMA/CA from which we derive the collision probability and the achievable throughput. Analytical and simulation results are obtained for different collision avoidance and SpSe implementation scenarios by varying the contention window, back off stage and probability of detection. The obtained results depict the achievable throughput under different collision avoidance and SpSe implementation scenarios indicating thereby the performance of collision avoidance in TVWSs-based CRNs. © 2014 © 2014 Taylor & Francis."
}