@article{3036066,
    title = "Inclusive photon production at forward rapidities in proton–proton collisions at √s = 0.9, 2.76 and 7 TeV",
    author = "ALICE Collaboration and Abelev, B. and Adam, J. and Adamová, D. and Aggarwal, M.M. and Rinella, G.A. and Agnello, M. and Agostinelli, A. and Agrawal, N. and Ahammed, Z. and Ahmad, N. and Ahmed, I. and Ahn, S.U. and Ahn, S.A. and Aimo, I. and Aiola, S. and Ajaz, M. and Akindinov, A. and Alam, S.N. and Aleksandrov, D. and Alessandro, B. and Alexandre, D. and Alici, A. and Alkin, A. and Alme, J. and Alt, T. and Altinpinar, S. and Altsybeev, I. and Alves Garcia Prado, C. and Andrei, C. and Andronic, A. and Anguelov, V. and Anielski, J. and Antičić, T. and Antinori, F. and Antonioli, P. and Aphecetche, L. and Appelshäuser, H. and Arcelli, S. and Armesto, N. and Arnaldi, R. and Aronsson, T. and Arsene, I.C. and Arslandok, M. and Augustinus, A. and Averbeck, R. and Awes, T.C. and Azmi, M.D. and Bach, M. and Badalà, A. and Baek, Y.W. and Bagnasco, S. and Bailhache, R. and Bala, R. and Baldisseri, A. and Baltasar Dos Santos Pedrosa, F. and Baral, R.C. and Barbera, R. and Barile, F. and Barnaföldi, G.G. and Barnby, L.S. and Barret, V. and Bartke, J. and Basile, M. and Bastid, N. and Basu, S. and Bathen, B. and Batigne, G. and Batista Camejo, A. and Batyunya, B. and Batzing, P.C. and Baumann, C. and Bearden, I.G. and Beck, H. and Bedda, C. and Behera, N.K. and Belikov, I. and Bellini, F. and Bellwied, R. and Belmont-Moreno, E. and Belmont, R., III and Belyaev, V. and Bencedi, G. and Beole, S. and Berceanu, I. and Bercuci, A. and Berdnikov, Y. and Berenyi, D. and Berger, M.E. and Bertens, R.A. and Berzano, D. and Betev, L. and Bhasin, A. and Bhat, I.R. and Bhati, A.K. and Bhattacharjee, B. and Bhom, J. and Bianchi, L. and Bianchi, N. and Bianchin, C. and Bielčík, J. and Bielčíková, J. and Bilandzic, A. and Bjelogrlic, S. and Blanco, F. and Blau, D. and Blume, C. and Bock, F. and Bogdanov, A. and Bøggild, H. and Bogolyubsky, M. and Böhmer, F.V. and Boldizsár, L. and Bombara, M. and Book, J. and Borel, H. and Borissov, A. and Borri, M. and Bossú, F. and Botje, M. and Botta, E. and Böttger, S. and Braun-Munzinger, P. and Bregant, M. and Breitner, T. and Broker, T.A. and Browning, T.A. and Broz, M. and Bruna, E. and Bruno, G.E. and Budnikov, D. and Buesching, H. and Bufalino, S. and Buncic, P. and Busch, O. and Buthelezi, Z. and Caffarri, D. and Cai, X. and Caines, H. and Calero Diaz, L. and Caliva, A. and Calvo Villar, E. and Camerini, P. and Carena, F. and Carena, W. and Castillo Castellanos, J. and Castro, A.J. and Casula, E.A.R. and Catanescu, V. and Cavicchioli, C. and Ceballos Sanchez, C. and Cepila, J. and Cerello, P. and Chang, B. and Chapeland, S. and Charvet, J.L. and Chattopadhyay, S. and Chattopadhyay, S. and Chelnokov, V. and Cherney, M. and Cheshkov, C. and Cheynis, B. and Chibante Barroso, V. and Chinellato, D.D. and Chochula, P. and Chojnacki, M. and Choudhury, S. and Christakoglou, P. and Christensen, C.H. and Christiansen, P. and Chujo, T. and Chung, S.U. and Cicalo, C. and Cifarelli, L. and Cindolo, F. and Cleymans, J. and Colamaria, F. and Colella, D. and Collu, A. and Colocci, M. and Conesa Balbastre, G. and Conesa del Valle, Z. and Connors, M.E. and Contreras, J.G. and Cormier, T.M. and Corrales Morales, Y. and Cortese, P. and Cortés Maldonado, I. and Cosentino, M.R. and Costa, F. and Crochet, P. and Cruz Albino, R. and Cuautle, E. and Cunqueiro, L. and Dainese, A. and Dang, R. and Danu, A. and Das, D. and Das, I. and Das, K. and Das, S. and Dash, A. and Dash, S. and De, S. and Delagrange, H. and Deloff, A. and Dénes, E. and D’Erasmo, G. and De Caro, A. and de Cataldo, G. and de Cuveland, J. and De Falco, A. and De Gruttola, D. and De Marco, N. and De Pasquale, S. and de Rooij, R. and Diaz Corchero, M.A. and Dietel, T. and Dillenseger, P. and Divià, R. and Di Bari, D. and Di Liberto, S. and Di Mauro, A. and Di Nezza, P. and Djuvsland, Ø. and Dobrin, A. and Dobrowolski, T. and Domenicis Gimenez, D. and Dönigus, B. and Dordic, O. and Dørheim, S. and Dubey, A.K. and Dubla, A. and Ducroux, L. and Dupieux, P. and Dutta Majumdar, A.K. and Hilden, T.E. and Ehlers, R.J. and Elia, D. and Engel, H. and Erazmus, B. and Erdal, H.A. and Eschweiler, D. and Espagnon, B. and Esposito, M. and Estienne, M. and Esumi, S. and Evans, D. and Evdokimov, S. and Fabris, D. and Faivre, J. and Falchieri, D. and Fantoni, A. and Fasel, M. and Fehlker, D. and Feldkamp, L. and Felea, D. and Feliciello, A. and Feofilov, G. and Ferencei, J. and Fernández Téllez, A. and Ferreiro, E.G. and Ferretti, A. and Festanti, A. and Figiel, J. and Figueredo, M.A.S. and Filchagin, S. and Finogeev, D. and Fionda, F.M. and Fiore, E.M. and Floratos, E. and Floris, M. and Foertsch, S. and Foka, P. and Fokin, S. and Fragiacomo, E. and Francescon, A. and Frankenfeld, U. and Fuchs, U. and Furget, C. and Furs, A. and Fusco Girard, M. and Gaardhøje, J.J. and Gagliardi, M. and Gago, A.M. and Gallio, M. and Gangadharan, D.R. and Ganoti, P. and Gao, C. and Garabatos, C. and Garcia-Solis, E. and Gargiulo, C. and Garishvili, I. and Gerhard, J. and Germain, M. and Gheata, A. and Gheata, M. and Ghidini, B. and Ghosh, P. and Ghosh, S.K. and Gianotti, P. and Giubellino, P. and Gladysz-Dziadus, E. and Glässel, P. and Gomez Ramirez, A. and González-Zamora, P. and Gorbunov, S. and Görlich, L. and Gotovac, S. and Graczykowski, L.K. and Grelli, A. and Grigoras, A. and Grigoras, C. and Grigoriev, V. and Grigoryan, A. and Grigoryan, S. and Grinyov, B. and Grion, N. and Grosse-Oetringhaus, J.F. and Grossiord, J.-Y. and Grosso, R. and Guber, F. and Guernane, R. and Guerzoni, B. and Guilbaud, M. and Gulbrandsen, K. and Gulkanyan, H. and Gumbo, M. and Gunji, T. and Gupta, A. and Gupta, R. and Khan, K.H. and Haake, R. and Haaland, Ø. and Hadjidakis, C. and Haiduc, M. and Hamagaki, H. and Hamar, G. and Hanratty, L.D. and Hansen, A. and Harris, J.W. and Hartmann, H. and Harton, A. and Hatzifotiadou, D. and Hayashi, S. and Heckel, S.T. and Heide, M. and Helstrup, H. and Herghelegiu, A. and Herrera Corral, G. and Hess, B.A. and Hetland, K.F. and Hippolyte, B. and Hladky, J. and Hristov, P. and Huang, M. and Humanic, T.J. and Hussain, N. and Hussain, T. and Hutter, D. and Hwang, D.S. and Ilkaev, R. and Ilkiv, I. and Inaba, M. and Innocenti, G.M. and Ionita, C. and Ippolitov, M. and Irfan, M. and Ivanov, M. and Ivanov, V. and Jachołkowski, A. and Jacobs, P.M. and Jahnke, C. and Jang, H.J. and Janik, M.A. and Jayarathna, P.H.S.Y. and Jena, C. and Jena, S. and Jimenez Bustamante, R.T. and Jones, P.G. and Jung, H. and Jusko, A. and Kadyshevskiy, V. and Kalinak, P. and Kalweit, A. and Kamin, J. and Kang, J.H. and Kaplin, V. and Kar, S. and Karasu Uysal, A. and Karavichev, O. and Karavicheva, T. and Karpechev, E. and Kebschull, U. and Keidel, R. and Keijdener, D.L.D. and SVN, M.K. and Khan, M.M. and Khan, P. and Khan, S.A. and Khanzadeev, A. and Kharlov, Y. and Kileng, B. and Kim, B. and Kim, D.W. and Kim, D.J. and Kim, J.S. and Kim, M. and Kim, M. and Kim, S. and Kim, T. and Kirsch, S. and Kisel, I. and Kiselev, S. and Kisiel, A. and Kiss, G. and Klay, J.L. and Klein, J. and Klein-Bösing, C. and Kluge, A. and Knichel, M.L. and Knospe, A.G. and Kobdaj, C. and Kofarago, M. and Köhler, M.K. and Kollegger, T. and Kolojvari, A. and Kondratiev, V. and Kondratyeva, N. and Konevskikh, A. and Kovalenko, V. and Kowalski, M. and Kox, S. and Koyithatta Meethaleveedu, G. and Kral, J. and Králik, I. and Kravčáková, A. and Krelina, M. and Kretz, M. and Krivda, M. and Krizek, F. and Kryshen, E. and Krzewicki, M. and Kučera, V. and Kucheriaev, Y. and Kugathasan, T. and Kuhn, C. and Kuijer, P.G. and Kulakov, I. and Kumar, J. and Kurashvili, P. and Kurepin, A. and Kurepin, A.B. and Kuryakin, A. and Kushpil, S. and Kweon, M.J. and Kwon, Y. and Ladron de Guevara, P. and Lagana Fernandes, C. and Lakomov, I. and Langoy, R. and Lara, C. and Lardeux, A. and Lattuca, A. and La Pointe, S.L. and La Rocca, P. and Lea, R. and Leardini, L. and Lee, G.R. and Legrand, I. and Lehnert, J. and Lemmon, R.C. and Lenti, V. and Leogrande, E. and Leoncino, M. and León Monzón, I. and Lévai, P. and Li, S. and Lien, J. and Lietava, R. and Lindal, S. and Lindenstruth, V. and Lippmann, C. and Lisa, M.A. and Ljunggren, H.M. and Lodato, D.F. and Loenne, P.I. and Loggins, V.R. and Loginov, V. and Lohner, D. and Loizides, C. and Lopez, X. and López Torres, E. and Lu, X.-G. and Luettig, P. and Lunardon, M. and Luparello, G. and Ma, R. and Maevskaya, A. and Mager, M. and Mahapatra, D.P. and Mahmood, S.M. and Maire, A. and Majka, R.D. and Malaev, M. and Maldonado Cervantes, I. and Malinina, L. and Mal’Kevich, D. and Malzacher, P. and Mamonov, A. and Manceau, L. and Manko, V. and Manso, F. and Manzari, V. and Marchisone, M. and Mareš, J. and Margagliotti, G.V. and Margotti, A. and Marín, A. and Markert, C. and Marquard, M. and Martashvili, I. and Martin, N.A. and Martinengo, P. and Martínez, M.I. and Martínez García, G. and Martin Blanco, J. and Martynov, Y. and Mas, A. and Masciocchi, S. and Masera, M. and Masoni, A. and Massacrier, L. and Mastroserio, A. and Matyja, A. and Mayer, C. and Mazer, J. and Mazzoni, M.A. and Mcdonald, D. and Meddi, F. and Menchaca-Rocha, A. and Meninno, E. and Mercado Pérez, J. and Meres, M. and Miake, Y. and Mikhaylov, K. and Milano, L. and Milosevic, J. and Mischke, A. and Mishra, A.N. and Miśkowiec, D. and Mitra, J. and Mitu, C.M. and Mlynarz, J. and Mohammadi, N. and Mohanty, B. and Molnar, L. and Montaño Zetina, L. and Montes, E. and Morando, M. and Moreira De Godoy, D.A. and Moretto, S. and Morreale, A. and Morsch, A. and Muccifora, V. and Mudnic, E. and Mühlheim, D. and Muhuri, S. and Mukherjee, M. and Müller, H. and Munhoz, M.G. and Murray, S. and Musa, L. and Musinsky, J. and Nandi, B.K. and Nania, R. and Nappi, E. and Nattrass, C. and Nayak, K. and Nayak, T.K. and Nazarenko, S. and Nedosekin, A. and Nicassio, M. and Niculescu, M. and Niedziela, J. and Nielsen, B.S. and Nikolaev, S. and Nikulin, S. and Nikulin, V. and Nilsen, B.S. and Noferini, F. and Nomokonov, P. and Nooren, G. and Norman, J. and Nyanin, A. and Nystrand, J. and Oeschler, H. and Oh, S. and Oh, S.K. and Okatan, A. and Okubo, T. and Olah, L. and Oleniacz, J. and Oliveira Da Silva, A.C. and Onderwaater, J. and Oppedisano, C. and Ortiz Velasquez, A. and Oskarsson, A. and Otwinowski, J. and Oyama, K. and Ozdemir, M. and Sahoo, P. and Pachmayer, Y. and Pachr, M. and Pagano, P. and Paić, G. and Pajares, C. and Pal, S.K. and Palmeri, A. and Pant, D. and Papikyan, V. and Pappalardo, G.S. and Pareek, P. and Park, W.J. and Parmar, S. and Passfeld, A. and Patalakha, D.I. and Paticchio, V. and Paul, B. and Pawlak, T. and Peitzmann, T. and Pereira Da Costa, H. and Pereira De Oliveira Filho, E. and Peresunko, D. and Pérez Lara, C.E. and Pesci, A. and Peskov, V. and Pestov, Y. and Petráček, V. and Petran, M. and Petris, M. and Petrovici, M. and Petta, C. and Piano, S. and Pikna, M. and Pillot, P. and Pinazza, O. and Pinsky, L. and Piyarathna, D.B. and Płoskoń, M. and Planinic, M. and Pluta, J. and Pochybova, S. and Podesta-Lerma, P.L.M. and Poghosyan, M.G. and Pohjoisaho, E.H.O. and Polichtchouk, B. and Poljak, N. and Pop, A. and Porteboeuf-Houssais, S. and Porter, J. and Potukuchi, B. and Prasad, S.K. and Preghenella, R. and Prino, F. and Pruneau, C.A. and Pshenichnov, I. and Puccio, M. and Puddu, G. and Pujahari, P. and Punin, V. and Putschke, J. and Qvigstad, H. and Rachevski, A. and Raha, S. and Rajput, S. and Rak, J. and Rakotozafindrabe, A. and Ramello, L. and Raniwala, R. and Raniwala, S. and Räsänen, S.S. and Rascanu, B.T. and Rathee, D. and Rauf, A.W. and Razazi, V. and Read, K.F. and Real, J.S. and Redlich, K. and Reed, R.J. and Rehman, A. and Reichelt, P. and Reicher, M. and Reidt, F. and Renfordt, R. and Reolon, A.R. and Reshetin, A. and Rettig, F. and Revol, J.-P. and Reygers, K. and Riabov, V. and Ricci, R.A. and Richert, T. and Richter, M. and Riedler, P. and Riegler, W. and Riggi, F. and Rivetti, A. and Rocco, E. and Rodríguez Cahuantzi, M. and Rodriguez Manso, A. and Røed, K. and Rogochaya, E. and Rohni, S. and Rohr, D. and Röhrich, D. and Romita, R. and Ronchetti, F. and Ronflette, L. and Rosnet, P. and Rossi, A. and Roukoutakis, F. and Roy, A. and Roy, C. and Roy, P. and Rubio Montero, A.J. and Rui, R. and Russo, R. and Ryabinkin, E. and Ryabov, Y. and Rybicki, A. and Sadovsky, S. and Šafařík, K. and Sahlmuller, B. and Sahoo, R. and Sahoo, S. and Sahu, P.K. and Saini, J. and Sakai, S. and Salgado, C.A. and Salzwedel, J. and Sambyal, S. and Samsonov, V. and Sanchez Castro, X. and Sánchez Rodríguez, F.J. and Šándor, L. and Sandoval, A. and Sano, M. and Santagati, G. and Sarkar, D. and Scapparone, E. and Scarlassara, F. and Scharenberg, R.P. and Schiaua, C. and Schicker, R. and Schmidt, C. and Schmidt, H.R. and Schuchmann, S. and Schukraft, J. and Schulc, M. and Schuster, T. and Schutz, Y. and Schwarz, K. and Schweda, K. and Scioli, G. and Scomparin, E. and Scott, R. and Segato, G. and Seger, J.E. and Sekiguchi, Y. and Selyuzhenkov, I. and Senosi, K. and Seo, J. and Serradilla, E. and Sevcenco, A. and Shabetai, A. and Shabratova, G. and Shahoyan, R. and Shangaraev, A. and Sharma, A. and Sharma, N. and Sharma, S. and Shigaki, K. and Shtejer, K. and Sibiriak, Y. and Siddhanta, S. and Siemiarczuk, T. and Silvermyr, D. and Silvestre, C. and Simatovic, G. and Singaraju, R. and Singh, R. and Singha, S. and Singhal, V. and Sinha, B.C. and Sinha, T. and Sitar, B. and Sitta, M. and Skaali, T.B. and Skjerdal, K. and Slupecki, M. and Smirnov, N. and Snellings, R.J.M. and Søgaard, C. and Soltz, R. and Song, J. and Song, M. and Soramel, F. and Sorensen, S. and Spacek, M. and Spiriti, E. and Sputowska, I. and Spyropoulou-Stassinaki, M. and Srivastava, B.K. and Stachel, J. and Stan, I. and Stefanek, G. and Steinpreis, M. and Stenlund, E. and Steyn, G. and Stiller, J.H. and Stocco, D. and Stolpovskiy, M. and Strmen, P. and Suaide, A.A.P. and Sugitate, T. and Suire, C. and Suleymanov, M. and Sultanov, R. and Šumbera, M. and Symons, T.J.M. and Szabo, A. and Szanto de Toledo, A. and Szarka, I. and Szczepankiewicz, A. and Szymanski, M. and Takahashi, J. and Tangaro, M.A. and Tapia Takaki, J.D. and Tarantola Peloni, A. and Tarazona Martinez, A. and Tariq, M. and Tarzila, M.G. and Tauro, A. and Tejeda Muñoz, G. and Telesca, A. and Terasaki, K. and Terrevoli, C. and Thäder, J. and Thomas, D. and Tieulent, R. and Timmins, A.R. and Toia, A. and Trubnikov, V. and Trzaska, W.H. and Tsuji, T. and Tumkin, A. and Turrisi, R. and Tveter, T.S. and Ullaland, K. and Uras, A. and Usai, G.L. and Vajzer, M. and Vala, M. and Valencia Palomo, L. and Vallero, S. and Vande Vyvre, P. and Van Der Maarel, J. and Van Hoorne, J.W. and van Leeuwen, M. and Vargas, A. and Vargyas, M. and Varma, R. and Vasileiou, M. and Vasiliev, A. and Vechernin, V. and Veldhoen, M. and Velure, A. and Venaruzzo, M. and Vercellin, E. and Vergara Limón, S. and Vernet, R. and Verweij, M. and Vickovic, L. and Viesti, G. and Viinikainen, J. and Vilakazi, Z. and Villalobos Baillie, O. and Vinogradov, A. and Vinogradov, L. and Vinogradov, Y. and Virgili, T. and Vislavicius, V. and Viyogi, Y.P. and Vodopyanov, A. and Völkl, M.A. and Voloshin, K. and Voloshin, S.A. and Volpe, G. and von Haller, B. and Vorobyev, I. and Vranic, D. and Vrláková, J. and Vulpescu, B. and Vyushin, A. and Wagner, B. and Wagner, J. and Wagner, V. and Wang, M. and Wang, Y. and Watanabe, D. and Weber, M. and Weber, S.G. and Wessels, J.P. and Westerhoff, U. and Wiechula, J. and Wikne, J. and Wilde, M. and Wilk, G. and Wilkinson, J. and Williams, M.C.S. and Windelband, B. and Winn, M. and Yaldo, C.G. and Yamaguchi, Y. and Yang, H. and Yang, P. and Yang, S. and Yano, S. and Yasnopolskiy, S. and Yi, J. and Yin, Z. and Yoo, I.-K. and Yushmanov, I. and Zaborowska, A. and Zaccolo, V. and Zaman, A. and Zampolli, C. and Zaporozhets, S. and Zarochentsev, A. and Závada, P. and Zaviyalov, N. and Zbroszczyk, H. and Zgura, I.S. and Zhalov, M. and Zhang, H. and Zhang, X. and Zhang, Y. and Zhao, C. and Zhigareva, N. and Zhou, D. and Zhou, F. and Zhou, Y. and Zhuo, Z. and Zhu, H. and Zhu, J. and Zhu, X. and Zichichi, A. and Zimmermann, A. and Zimmermann, M.B. and Zinovjev, G. and Zoccarato, Y. and Zyzak, M.",
    journal = "The European Physical Journal C - Particles and Fields",
    year = "2015",
    volume = "75",
    number = "4",
    publisher = "Springer New York LLC",
    issn = "1434-6044, 1434-6052",
    doi = "10.1140/epjc/s10052-015-3356-2",
    abstract = "The multiplicity and pseudorapidity distributions of inclusive photons have been measured at forward rapidities (2.3 < η < 3.9) in proton–proton collisions at three center-of-mass energies, √s = 0.9, 2.76 and 7 TeV using the ALICE detector. It is observed that the increase in the average photon multiplicity as a function of beam energy is compatible with both a logarithmic and a power-law dependence. The relative increase in average photon multiplicity produced in inelastic pp collisions at 2.76 and 7 TeV center-of-mass energies with respect to 0.9 TeV are 37.2± 0.3% (stat) ± 8.8% (sys) and 61.2 ± 0.3 % (stat) ± 7.6% (sys), respectively. The photon multiplicity distributions for all center-of-mass energies are well described by negative binomial distributions. The multiplicity distributions are also presented in terms of KNO variables. The results are compared to model predictions, which are found in general to underestimate the data at large photon multiplicities, in particular at the highest center-of-mass energy. Limiting fragmentation behavior of photons has been explored with the data, but is not observed in the measured pseudorapidity range. © 2015, CERN for the benefit of the ALICE collaboration."
}