@article{3036214,
    title = "Deep sea tests of a prototype of the KM3NeT digital optical module: KM3NeT Collaboration",
    author = "Adrián-Martínez, S. and Ageron, M. and Aharonian, F. and Aiello, S. and Albert, A. and Ameli, F. and Anassontzis, E.G. and Anghinolfi, M. and Anton, G. and Anvar, S. and Ardid, M. and de Asmundis, R. and Balasi, K. and Band, H. and Barbarino, G. and Barbarito, E. and Barbato, F. and Baret, B. and Baron, S. and Belias, A. and Berbee, E. and van den Berg, A.M. and Berkien, A. and Bertin, V. and Beurthey, S. and van Beveren, V. and Beverini, N. and Biagi, S. and Bianucci, S. and Billault, M. and Birbas, A. and Boer Rookhuizen, H. and Bormuth, R. and Bouché, V. and Bouhadef, B. and Bourlis, G. and Bouwhuis, M. and Bozza, C. and Bruijn, R. and Brunner, J. and Cacopardo, G. and Caillat, L. and Calamai, M. and Calvo, D. and Capone, A. and Caramete, L. and Caruso, F. and Cecchini, S. and Ceres, A. and Cereseto, R. and Champion, C. and Château, F. and Chiarusi, T. and Christopoulou, B. and Circella, M. and Classen, L. and Cocimano, R. and Colonges, S. and Coniglione, R. and Cosquer, A. and Costa, M. and Coyle, P. and Creusot, A. and Curtil, C. and Cuttone, G. and D’Amato, C. and D’Amico, A. and De Bonis, G. and De Rosa, G. and Deniskina, N. and Destelle, J.-J. and Distefano, C. and Donzaud, C. and Dornic, D. and Dorosti-Hasankiadeh, Q. and Drakopoulou, E. and Drouhin, D. and Drury, L. and Durand, D. and Eberl, T. and Eleftheriadis, C. and Elsaesser, D. and Enzenhöfer, A. and Fermani, P. and Fusco, L.A. and Gajana, D. and Gal, T. and Galatà, S. and Gallo, F. and Garufi, F. and Gebyehu, M. and Giordano, V. and Gizani, N. and Gracia Ruiz, R. and Graf, K. and Grasso, R. and Grella, G. and Grmek, A. and Habel, R. and van Haren, H. and Heid, T. and Heijboer, A. and Heine, E. and Henry, S. and Hernández-Rey, J.J. and Herold, B. and Hevinga, M.A. and van der Hoek, M. and Hofestädt, J. and Hogenbirk, J. and Hugon, C. and Hößl, J. and Imbesi, M. and James, C. and Jansweijer, P. and Jochum, J. and de Jong, M. and Kadler, M. and Kalekin, O. and Kappes, A. and Kappos, E. and Katz, U. and Kavatsyuk, O. and Keller, P. and Kieft, G. and Koffeman, E. and Kok, H. and Kooijman, P. and Koopstra, J. and Korporaal, A. and Kouchner, A. and Koutsoukos, S. and Kreykenbohm, I. and Kulikovskiy, V. and Lahmann, R. and Lamare, P. and Larosa, G. and Lattuada, D. and Le Provost, H. and Leisos, A. and Lenis, D. and Leonora, E. and Lindsey Clark, M. and Liolios, A. and Llorens Alvarez, C.D. and Löhner, H. and Lo Presti, D. and Louis, F. and Maccioni, E. and Mannheim, K. and Manolopoulos, K. and Margiotta, A. and Mariş, O. and Markou, C. and Martínez-Mora, J.A. and Martini, A. and Masullo, R. and Michael, T. and Migliozzi, P. and Migneco, E. and Miraglia, A. and Mollo, C. and Mongelli, M. and Morganti, M. and Mos, S. and Moudden, Y. and Musico, P. and Musumeci, M. and Nicolaou, C. and Nicolau, C.A. and Orlando, A. and Orzelli, A. and Papageorgiou, K. and Papaikonomou, A. and Papaleo, R. and Păvălaş, G.E. and Peek, H. and Pellegrino, C. and Pellegriti, M.G. and Perrina, C. and Petridou, C. and Piattelli, P. and Pikounis, K. and Popa, V. and Pradier, T. and Priede, M. and Pühlhofer, G. and Pulvirenti, S. and Racca, C. and Raffaelli, F. and Randazzo, N. and Rapidis, P.A. and Razis, P. and Real, D. and Resvanis, L. and Reubelt, J. and Riccobene, G. and Rovelli, A. and Royon, J. and Saldaña, M. and Samtleben, D.F.E. and Sanguineti, M. and Santangelo, A. and Sapienza, P. and Savvidis, I. and Schmelling, J. and Schnabel, J. and Sedita, M. and Seitz, T. and Sgura, I. and Simeone, F. and Siotis, I. and Sipala, V. and Solazzo, M. and Spitaleri, A. and Spurio, M. and Stavropoulos, G. and Steijger, J. and Stolarczyk, T. and Stransky, D. and Taiuti, M. and Terreni, G. and Tézier, D. and Théraube, S. and Thompson, L.F. and Timmer, P. and Trapierakis, H.I. and Trasatti, L. and Trovato, A. and Tselengidou, M. and Tsirigotis, A. and Tzamarias, S. and Tzamariudaki, E. and Vallage, B. and Van Elewyck, V. and Vermeulen, J. and Vernin, P. and Viola, S. and Vivolo, D. and Werneke, P. and Wiggers, L. and Wilms, J. and de Wolf, E. and van Wooning, R.H.L. and Yatkin, K. and Zachariadou, K. and Zonca, E. and Zornoza, J.D. and Zúñiga, J. and Zwart, A.",
    journal = "The European Physical Journal C - Particles and Fields",
    year = "2014",
    volume = "74",
    number = "9",
    publisher = "Springer New York LLC",
    issn = "1434-6044, 1434-6052",
    doi = "10.1140/epjc/s10052-014-3056-3",
    abstract = "The first prototype of a photo-detection unit of the future KM3NeT neutrino telescope has been deployed in the deep waters of the Mediterranean Sea. This digital optical module has a novel design with a very large photocathode area segmented by the use of 31 three inch photomultiplier tubes. It has been integrated in the ANTARES detector for in-situ testing and validation. This paper reports on the first months of data taking and rate measurements. The analysis results highlight the capabilities of the new module design in terms of background suppression and signal recognition. The directionality of the optical module enables the recognition of multiple Cherenkov photons from the same40 K decay and the localisation of bioluminescent activity in the neighbourhood. The single unit can cleanly identify atmospheric muons and provide sensitivity to the muon arrival directions. © 2014, The Author(s)."
}