@article{3045752,
    title = "DETERMINATION OF ALPHA(S) FOR B-QUARKS AT THE Z(0) RESONANCE",
    author = "ABREU, P and ADAM, W and ADYE, T and AGASI, E and ALEKSAN, R and and ALEKSEEV, GD and ALGERI, A and ALLEN, P and ALMEHED, S and ALVSVAAG, SJ and and AMALDI, U and ANDREAZZA, A and ANTILOGUS, P and APEL, WD and and APSIMON, RJ and ARNOUD, Y and ASMAN, B and AUGUSTIN, JE and AUGUSTINUS, and A and BAILLON, P and BAMBADE, P and BARAO, F and BARATE, R and and BARBIELLINI, G and BARDIN, DY and BARKER, GJ and BARONCELLI, A and and BARRING, O and BARRIO, JA and BARTL, W and BATES, MJ and BATTAGLIA, M and and BAUBILLIER, M and BECKS, KH and BEESTON, CJ and BEGALLI, M and and BEILLIERE, P and BELOKOPYTOV, Y and BELTRAN, P and BENEDIC, D and and BENVENUTI, AC and BERGGREN, M and BERTRAND, D and BIANCHI, F and and BILENKY, MS and BILLOIR, P and BJARNE, J and BLOCH, D and BLYTH, S and and BOCCI, V and BOGOLUBOV, PN and BOLOGNESE, T and BONESINI, M and and BONIVENTO, W and BOOTH, PSL and BORISOV, G and BORNER, H and BOSIO, C and and BOSTJANCIC, B and BOSWORTH, S and BOTNER, O and BOUQUET, B and and BOURDARIOS, C and BOWCOCK, TJV and BOZZO, M and BRAIBANT, S and and BRANCHINI, P and BRAND, KD and BRENNER, RA and BRIAND, H and BRICMAN, C and and BROWN, RCA and BRUMMER, N and BRUNET, JM and BUGGE, L and BURAN, T and and BURMEISTER, H and BUYTAERT, JAMA and CACCIA, M and CALVI, M and and ROZAS, AJC and CAMPION, R and CAMPORESI, T and CANALE, V and CAO, F and and CARENA, F and CARROLL, L and CASO, C and GIMENEZ, MVC and CATTAI, A and and CAVALLO, FR and CERRITO, L and CHABAUD, V and CHAN, A and CHARPENTIER, P and and CHAUSSARD, L and CHAUVEAU, J and CHECCHIA, P and CHELKOV, GA and and CHEVALIER, L and CHLIAPNIKOV, P and CHOROWICZ, V and CHRIN, JTM and and COLLINS, P and CONTRERAS, JL and CONTRI, R and CORTINA, E and COSME, G and and COUCHOT, F and CRAWLEY, HB and CRENNELL, D and CROSETTI, G and and CROZON, M and MAESTRO, JC and CZELLAR, S and DAHLJENSEN, E and DALMAGNE, and B and DAM, M and DAMGAARD, G and DAUBIE, E and DAUM, A and DAUNCEY, PD and and DAVENPORT, M and DAVID, P and DAVIES, J and DASILVA, W and DEFOIX, C and and DELPIERRE, P and DEMARIA, N and DEANGELIS, A and DEBOECK, H and and DEBOER, W and DECLERCQ, C and LASO, MDMD and DEGROOT, N and and DELAVAISSIERE, C and DELOTTO, B and DEMIN, A and DIJKSTRA, H and and DICIACCIO, L and DOLBEAU, J and DONSZELMANN, M and DOROBA, K and DRACOS, and M and DREES, J and DRIS, M and DUFOUR, Y and DUPONT, F and EDSALL, D and and EEK, LO and EEROLA, PAM and EHRET, R and EKELOF, T and EKSPONG, G and and PEISERT, AE and ENGEL, JP and ERSHAIDAT, N and FASSOULIOTIS, D and and FEINDT, M and ALONSO, MF and FERRER, A and FILIPPAS, TA and FIRESTONE, A and and FOETH, H and FOKITIS, E and FONTANELLI, F and FORBES, KAJ and and FOUSSET, JL and FRANCON, S and FRANEK, B and FRENKIEL, P and FRIES, DC and and FRODESEN, AG and FRUHWIRTH, R and FULDAQUENZER, F and FURNIVAL, K and and FURSTENAU, H and FUSTER, J and GAMBA, D and GARCIA, C and GARCIA, J and and GASPAR, C and GASPARINI, U and GAVILLET, P and GAZIS, EN and GERBER, and JP and GIACOMELLI, P and GOKIELI, R and GOLOB, B and GOLOVATYUK, VM and and CADENAS, JJGY and GOPAL, G and GORSKI, M and GRACCO, V and GRANT, A and and GRARD, F and GRAZIANI, E and GROSDIDIER, G and GROSS, E and and GROSSEWIESMANN, P and GROSSETETE, B and GUMENYUK, S and GUY, J and and HAEDINGER, U and HAHN, F and HAHN, M and HAIDER, S and HAKANSSON, A and and HALLGREN, A and HAMACHER, K and DEMONCHENAULT, GH and HAO, W and HARRIS, and FJ and HEDBERG, V and HENKES, T and HERNANDEZ, JJ and HERQUET, P and and HERR, H and HESSING, TL and HIETANEN, I and HIGGINS, CO and HIGON, E and and HILKE, HJ and HODGSON, SD and HOFMOKL, T and HOLMES, R and HOLMGREN, SO and and HOLTHUIZEN, D and HONORE, PF and HOOPER, JE and HOULDEN, M and and HRUBEC, J and HUET, K and HULTH, PO and HULTQVIST, K and IOANNOU, P and and IVERSEN, PS and JACKSON, JN and JALOCHA, P and JARLSKOG, G and JARRY, P and and JEANMARIE, B and JOHANSSON, EK and JOHNSON, D and JONKER, M and and JONSSON, L and JUILLOT, P and KALKANIS, G and KALMUS, G and KAPUSTA, F and and KARLSSON, M and KARVELAS, E and KATSANEVAS, S and KATSOUFIS, EC and and KERANEN, R and KESTEMAN, J and KHOMENKO, BA and KHOVANSKI, NN and KING, and B and KJAER, NJ and KLEIN, H and KLOVNING, A and KLUIT, P and and KOCHMEHRIN, A and KOEHNE, JH and KOENE, B and KOKKINIAS, P and and KORATZINOS, M and KORYTOV, AV and KOSTIOUKHINE, V and KOURKOUMELIS, C and and KOUZNETSOV, O and KRAMER, PH and KROLIKOWSKI, J and KRONKVIST, I and and KRUENERMARQUIS, U and KRUPINSKI, W and KULKA, K and KURVINEN, K and and LACASTA, C and LAMBROPOULOS, C and LAMSA, JW and LANCERI, L and LAPIN, V and and LAUGIER, JP and LAUHAKANGAS, R and LEDER, G and LEDROIT, F and and LEITNER, R and LEMOIGNE, Y and LEMONNE, J and LENZEN, G and LEPELTIER, V and and LESIAK, T and LEVY, JM and LIEB, E and LIKO, D and LINDGREN, J and and LINDNER, R and LIPNIACKA, A and LIPPI, I and LOERSTAD, B and LOKAJICEK, and M and LOKEN, JG and LOPEZFERNANDEZ, A and AGUERA, MAL and LOS, M and and LOUKAS, D and LOZANO, JJ and LUTZ, P and LYONS, L and MAEHLUM, G and and MAILLARD, J and MAIO, A and MALTEZOS, A and MANDL, F and MARCO, J and and MARGONI, M and MARIN, JC and MARKOU, A and MARON, T and MARTI, S and and MATHIS, L and MATORRAS, F and MATTEUZZI, C and MATTHIAE, G and and MAZZUCATO, M and MCCUBBIN, M and MCKAY, R and MCNULTY, R and MEOLA, G and and MERONI, C and MEYER, WT and MICHELOTTO, M and MIKULEC, I and and MIRABITO, L and MITAROFF, WA and MITSELMAKHER, GV and MJOERNMARK, U and and MOA, T and MOELLER, R and MOENIG, K and MONGE, MR and MORETTINI, P and and MUELLER, H and MURRAY, WJ and MURYN, B and MYATT, G and NAVARRIA, FL and and NEGRI, P and NICOLAIDOU, R and NIELSEN, BS and NIJJHAR, B and and NIKOLAENKO, V and NILSEN, PES and NISS, P and NOMEROTSKI, A and and OBRAZTSOV, V and OLSHEVSKI, AG and ORAVA, R and OSTANKOV, A and and OSTERBERG, K and OURAOU, A and PAGANONI, M and PAIN, R and PALKA, H and and PAPADOPOULOU, TD and PAPE, L and PARODI, F and PASSERI, A and PEGORARO, and M and PENNANEN, J and PERALTA, L and PERNEGGER, H and PERNICKA, M and and PERROTTA, A and PETRIDOU, C and PETROLINI, A and PETROVYKH, O and and PIERRE, F and PIMENTA, M and PINGOT, O and PLASZCZYNSKI, S and PODOBRIN, and O and POL, ME and POLOK, G and POROPAT, P and POZDNIAKOV, V and and PRIVITERA, P and PULLIA, A and RADOJICIC, D and RAGAZZI, S and RAHMANI, and H and RATOFF, PN and READ, AL and REBECCHI, P and REDAELLI, NG and and REGLER, M and REID, D and RENTON, PB and RESVANIS, LK and RICHARD, F and and RICHARDSON, M and RIDKY, J and RINAUDO, G and RODITI, I and ROMERO, A and and RONCAGLIOLO, I and RONCHESE, P and RONNQVIST, C and ROSENBERG, EI and and ROSSI, S and ROSSO, E and ROUDEAU, P and ROVELLI, T and RUCKSTUHL, W and and RUHLMANNKLEIDER, V and RUIZ, A and RYBICKI, K and SAARIKKO, H and and SACQUIN, Y and SAJOT, G and SALT, J and SANCHEZ, J and SANNINO, M and and SCHAEL, S and SCHNEIDER, H and SCHYNS, MAE and SCIOLLA, G and SCURI, F and and SEGAR, AM and SEITZ, A and SEKULIN, R and SESSA, M and SETTE, G and and SEUFERT, R and SHELLARD, RC and SICCAMA, I and SIEGRIST, P and and SIMONETTI, S and SIMONETTO, F and SISAKIAN, AN and SKJEVLING, G and and SMADJA, G and SMIRNOV, N and SMIRNOVA, O and SMITH, GR and SOSNOWSKI, R and and SOUZASANTOS, D and SPASSOFF, TS and SPIRITI, E and SQUARCIA, S and and STAECK, H and STANESCU, C and STAPNES, S and STAVROPOULOS, G and and STICHELBAUT, F and STOCCHI, A and STRAUSS, J and STRAVER, J and STRUB, R and and STUGU, B and SZCZEKOWSKI, M and SZEPTYCKA, M and SZYMANSKI, P and and TABARELLI, T and TCHIKILEV, O and THEODOSIOU, GE and TILQUIN, A and and TIMMERMANS, J and TIMOFEEV, VG and TKATCHEV, LG and TODOROV, T and TOET, and DZ and TOKER, O and TOME, B and TORASSA, E and TORTORA, L and TREILLE, D and and TREVISAN, U and TRISCHUK, W and TRISTRAM, G and TRONCON, C and and TSIROU, A and TSYGANOV, EN and TURALA, M and TURLUER, ML and TUUVA, T and and TYAPKIN, IA and TYNDEL, M and TZAMARIAS, S and UEBERSCHAER, S and and ULLALAND, O and UVAROV, V and VALENTI, G and VALLAZZA, E and FERRER, JAV and and VANDERVELDE, C and VANAPELDOORN, GW and VANDAM, P and VANDERHEIJDEN, and M and VANDONINCK, WK and VAZ, P and VEGNI, G and VENTURA, L and VENUS, W and and VERBEURE, F and VERLATO, M and VERTOGRADOV, LS and VILANOVA, D and and VINCENT, P and VITALE, L and VLASOV, E and VODOPYANOV, AS and VOLLMER, M and and VOUTILAINEN, M and VRBA, V and WAHLEN, H and WALCK, C and WALDNER, F and and WAYNE, M and WEHR, A and WEIERSTALL, M and WEILHAMMER, P and WERNER, and J and WETHERELL, AM and WICKENS, JH and WILKINSON, GR and WILLIAMS, WSC and and WINTER, M and WITEK, M and WORMSER, G and WOSCHNAGG, K and YAMDAGNI, and N and YEPES, P and ZAITSEV, A and ZALEWSKA, A and ZALEWSKI, P and and ZAVRTANIK, D and ZEVGOLATAKOS, E and ZHANG, G and ZIMIN, NI and ZITO, M and and ZUBERI, R and FUNCHAL, RZ and ZUMERLE, G and ZUNIGA, J",
    journal = "PHYSICS LETTERS B",
    year = "1993",
    volume = "307",
    number = "1-2",
    pages = "221-236",
    publisher = "Elsevier",
    issn = "0370-2693",
    doi = "10.1016/0370-2693(93)90213-2",
    abstract = "The strong coupling constant for b quarks has been determined, and its
flavour independence, as predicted by QCD, investigated. The analysis
involved events with lepton candidates selected from approximately 356
000 hadronic decays of the Z0, collected by the DELPHI detector at LEP
in 1990 and 199 1. A method based on a direct comparison of the
three-jet fraction in a b enriched sample, selected by requiring leptons
with large momenta and transverse momenta, to that of the entire
hadronic sample, illustrated the significant effect of the b quark mass
on the multi-jet cross section, and verified the flavour independence of
the strong coupling constant to an accuracy of +/- 6%. A second
procedure based on a fit to the momentum and transverse momentum spectra
of the lepton candidates in both two-jet and three (or more)-jet event
samples simultaneously determined the b content in each, and, using
second order QCD calculations, gave an absolute measurement of alpha(s)
for b quarks of 0. 1 18 +/- 0.004 (stat.) +/- 0.003 (syst.) +/- 0.008
(scale). A comparison with a, for all quark flavours, as measured from
the three-jet fraction in all hadronic events, further allowed the
coupling strength for b quarks to be expressed in terms relative to that
for udsc quarks, thereby cancelling certain common systematic
uncertainties, and yielded alpha(s)b/alpha(s)udsc = 1.00 +/- 0.04
(stat.) +/- 0.03 (syst.)."
}