@article{3048062,
    title = "Evaluation of risk factors for stomal recurrence after total
laryngectomy",
    author = "Yotakis, J and Davris, S and Kontozoglou, T and Adamopoulos, G",
    journal = "Clinical Otolaryngology",
    year = "1996",
    volume = "21",
    number = "2",
    pages = "135-138",
    publisher = "Blackwell Science Ltd Oxford, UK",
    issn = "1749-4478",
    doi = "10.1111/j.1365-2273.1996.tb01317.x",
    keywords = "risk factors; stomal recurrence; laryngectomy; laryngeal carcinoma",
    abstract = "The development of a stomal recurrence after total laryngectomy is a
complication with a dismal prognosis. The risk factors and mechanisms
involved are still not well understood. In this review of 352 patients,
21 (6%) developed a stomal recurrence. We studied the group of 74
patients (21%) with subglottic involvement separately. There was no
significant difference in the rate of stomal recurrence in those with
emergency tracheostomy (23.3%) as compared with those with
intra-operative tracheostomy (18.2%). Stomal recurrence was more
strongly associated with subglottic involvement itself (20.3%) and T-4
stage (15.3%). The findings suggest that submucosal extension and lymph
node metastases are probably more important mechanisms of stomal
recurrence than cancer cell implantation."
}