@article{3051240,
    title = "Increased resistance to activated protein C and factor V Leiden in
recurrent abortions. Review of other hypercoagulability factors",
    author = "Hatzis, T. and Cardaniakis, E. and Drivalas, E. and Makatsoris, K. and and Bevan, D. and Pantos, C. and Malliopoulou, V. and Tsagaris, N. and and Kreatsa, O. and Antoniadi, T. and Petersen, M. B. and Karageorgiou, H. and and Mantouvalos, H.",
    journal = "The European Journal of Contraception and Reproductive Health Care",
    year = "1999",
    volume = "4",
    number = "3",
    pages = "135-144",
    publisher = "TAYLOR & FRANCIS LTD LONDON",
    issn = "1362-5187, 1473-0782",
    doi = "10.3109/13625189909040808",
    keywords = "Recurrent abortions; Thrombophilia; Increased APC-R; Factor V Leiden",
    abstract = "Objective To evaluate hereditary and acquired hemostatic abnormalities
associated with recurrent spontaneous early (first-trimester) abortions.
Method A group of 56 Greek women with two or more unexplained primary
spontaneous abortions, and a reference group of 148 women without a
history of recurrent abortions, were screened for hypercoagulability. A
randomly selected population of first-trimester pregnant women was also
chosen for factor V Leiden genetic screening.
Results A total of 21% of the women with recurrent abortions, compared
with 12% of the reference group, showed increased activated protein C
resistance. Fourteen per cent had positive lupus anticoagulant, compared
with 11.5% of the reference group. For the rest of the parameters,
there was no difference between the two groups. Of 22 women studied for
factor V Leiden, one was homozygous and one was heterozygous. Results
were compared using Fisher’s exact test and two-tailed Student’s t
tests.
Conclusions Increased activated protein C resistance appears to be an
important factor in women with recurrent abortions. These data indicate
the need for routine investigation of activated protein C resistance in
women with recurrent abortions."
}