@article{3051753,
    title = "Important role of the kidney in human carbohydrate metabolism",
    author = "Stumvoll, M and Meyer, C and Mitrakou, A and Gerich, JE",
    journal = "Medical Hypotheses",
    year = "1999",
    volume = "52",
    number = "5",
    pages = "363-366",
    publisher = "Churchill Livingstone",
    issn = "0306-9877",
    doi = "10.1054/mehy.1997.0655",
    abstract = "Recent studies using a combination of isotope and balance techniques
have shown that, in the postabsorptive state; the human kidney
contributes substantially to overall glucose production and consumption.
The kidney may contribute as much as the liver to gluconeogenesis and
play an important role in the counterregulation of hypoglycemia.
Furthermore, increased renal glucose production may contribute to
fasting hyperglycemia found in type I and type II diabetes mellitus.
Finally, loss of renal tissue as a consumer of glucose could explain the
insulin resistance of uremia. We hypothesize that the human kidney may
play a more important role in human carbohydrate metabolism than
previously appreciated."
}