@article{3052930,
    title = "Pneumococcal acute otitis media in children",
    author = "Kouppari, G and Zaphiropoulou, A and Stamos, G and Deliyianni, V and and Apostolopoulos, N and Legakis, NJ",
    journal = "Clinical Microbiology and Infection",
    year = "2000",
    volume = "6",
    number = "2",
    pages = "69-73",
    publisher = "Blackwell Science Ltd Oxford, UK",
    issn = "1198-743X",
    doi = "10.1046/j.1469-0691.2000.00012.x",
    keywords = "Streptococcus pneumoniae; acute otitis media; children; resistance;
serotyping",
    abstract = "Objectives To evaluate the clinical and laboratory findings of
Streptococcus pneumoniae acute otitis media in children during a 1 year
period.
Methods From October 1995 to September 1996, 113 children aged 2 months
to 14 years (median 18 months), with S. pneumoniae acute otitis media
were studied. Susceptibility testing was performed by the Kirby-Bauer
method and the E-test, and serotyping by the Quellung reaction.
Results E-test assays detected five Isolates (4.4%) to be highly
resistant to penicillin and 13 (11.5%) that had intermediate
resistance. All isolates were found to be susceptible to vancomycin,
rifampicin and cefotaxime. In total, 25 isolates (22.1%) were resistant
to one or more drugs. Fifty per cent of the penicillin-resistant or
intermediately resistant S. pneumoniae isolates were resistant to
multiple drugs, whereas only 2.1% of the penicillin-susceptible
isolates were resistant to multiple drugs. The predominating serogroups
of the isolates with reduced susceptibility to penicillin were the 19
(61.1%), 9 (16.7%), 23 (11.1%), 6 (5.5%) and 14 (5.5%) whereas
those of the susceptible isolates were the 19 (26.3%), 14 (13.7%), 3
(11.6%), 6 (11.6%), 9 (8.4%), 1 (5.3%) and 12 (5.3%).
Conclusions Streptococcus pneumoniae isolates from children with acute
otitis media were penicillin-insensitive in 15.9%. The multiresistant
S. pneumoniae isolates belonged to serogroups: 19 (45.4%), 9 (27.3%),
6 (18.2%) and 23 (9.1%)."
}