@article{3056730,
    title = "Soluble urokinase receptor (suPAR) predicts microalbuminuria in patients at risk for type 2 diabetes mellitus",
    author = "Guthoff, M. and Wagner, R. and Randrianarisoa, E. and Hatziagelaki, E. and Peter, A. and Häring, H.-U. and Fritsche, A. and Heyne, N.",
    journal = "Scientific Reports",
    year = "2017",
    volume = "7",
    publisher = "Nature Publishing Group",
    issn = "2045-2322",
    doi = "10.1038/srep40627",
    keywords = "urokinase receptor, adult;  aged;  albuminuria;  bioassay;  blood;  cohort analysis;  complication;  female;  human;  male;  middle aged;  non insulin dependent diabetes mellitus;  proportional hazards model;  risk factor;  solubility, Adult;  Aged;  Albuminuria;  Cohort Studies;  Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2;  Endpoint Determination;  Female;  Humans;  Male;  Middle Aged;  Proportional Hazards Models;  Receptors, Urokinase Plasminogen Activator;  Risk Factors;  Solubility",
    abstract = "Early identification of patients at risk of developing diabetic nephropathy is essential. Elevated serum concentrations of soluble urokinase receptor (suPAR) associate with diabetes mellitus and predict onset and loss of renal function in chronic kidney disease. We hypothesize, that suPAR may be an early risk indicator for diabetic nephropathy, preceding microalbuminuria. The relationship of baseline suPAR and incident microalbuminuria was assessed in a prospective long-term cohort of subjects at increased risk for type 2 diabetes (TULIP, n = 258). Association with albuminuria at later stages of disease was studied in a cross-sectional cohort with manifest type 2 diabetes (ICEPHA, n = 266). A higher baseline suPAR was associated with an increased risk of new-onset microalbuminuria in subjects at risk for type 2 diabetes (hazard ratio 5.3 (95% CI 1.1-25.2, p = 0.03) for the highest vs. lowest suPAR quartile). The proportion of subjects with prediabetes at the end of observation was higher in subjects with new-onset microalbuminuria. suPAR consistently correlated with albuminuria in a separate cohort with manifest type 2 diabetes. Elevated baseline suPAR concentrations independently associate with new-onset microalbuminuria in subjects at increased risk of developing type 2 diabetes. suPAR may hence allow for earlier risk stratification than microalbuminuria. © The Author(s) 2017."
}