@article{3056844,
    title = "Profiling of discrete gynecological cancers reveals novel transcriptional modules and common features shared by other cancer types and embryonic stem cells",
    author = "Pappa, K.I. and Polyzos, A. and Jacob-Hirsch, J. and Amariglio, N. and Vlachos, G.D. and Loutradis, D. and Anagnou, N.P.",
    journal = "PLOS ONE",
    year = "2015",
    volume = "10",
    number = "11",
    publisher = "Public Library of Science",
    doi = "10.1371/journal.pone.0142229",
    keywords = "CCAAT enhancer binding protein;  Max protein;  nuclear factor Y;  transcription factor E2F;  transcription factor, apoptosis;  Article;  carcinogenesis;  cell cycle regulation;  cell population;  clinical article;  controlled study;  embryonic stem cell;  endometrium cancer;  female;  female genital tract cancer;  gene expression;  human;  human cell;  human tissue;  uterine cervix cancer;  vulva cancer;  cell culture;  cytology;  DNA microarray;  down regulation;  endometrium tumor;  female genital tract tumor;  gene expression profiling;  genetics;  metabolism;  pathology;  upregulation;  uterine cervix tumor;  vulva tumor, Cells, Cultured;  Down-Regulation;  Embryonic Stem Cells;  Endometrial Neoplasms;  Female;  Gene Expression Profiling;  Genital Neoplasms, Female;  Humans;  Oligonucleotide Array Sequence Analysis;  Transcription Factors;  Up-Regulation;  Uterine Cervical Neoplasms;  Vulvar Neoplasms",
    abstract = "Studies on individual types of gynecological cancers (GCs), utilizing novel expression technologies, have revealed specific pathogenetic patterns and gene markers for cervical (CC), endometrial (EC) and vulvar cancer (VC). Although the clinical phenotypes of the three types of gynecological cancers are discrete, the fact they originate from a common embryological origin, has led to the hypothesis that they might share common features reflecting regression to early embryogenesis. To address this question, we performed a comprehensive comparative analysis of their profiles. Our data identified both common features (pathways and networks) and novel distinct modules controlling the same deregulated biological processes in all three types. Specifically, four novel transcriptional modules were discovered regulating cell cycle and apoptosis. Integration and comparison of our data with other databases, led to the identification of common features among cancer types, embryonic stem (ES) cells and the newly discovered cell population of squamocolumnar (SC) junction of the cervix, considered to host the early cancer events. Conclusively, these data lead us to propose the presence of common features among gynecological cancers, other types of cancers, ES cells and the pre-malignant SC junction cells, where the novel E2F/NFY and MAX/CEBP modules play an important role for the pathogenesis of gynecological carcinomas. © 2015 Pappa et al. This is an open access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License, which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original author and source are credited."
}