@article{3062430,
    title = "Intravenous infusion of PAF affects ovulation, fertilization and preimplantation embryonic development in NZB x NZW F1 hybrid mice",
    author = "Sakellariou, M. and Drakakis, P. and Antonopoulou, S. and Anagnostou, E. and Loutradis, D. and Patargias, T.",
    journal = "Prostaglandins and Other Lipid Mediators",
    year = "2008",
    volume = "85",
    number = "3-4",
    pages = "125-133",
    doi = "10.1016/j.prostaglandins.2007.11.003",
    keywords = "chorionic gonadotropin;  thrombocyte activating factor, animal cell;  animal experiment;  article;  blastocyst;  cell cycle;  concentration response;  controlled study;  developmental stage;  embryo;  embryo development;  female;  fertilization;  hatching;  mouse;  nonhuman;  ovulation;  preimplantation embryo, Animals;  Embryonic Development;  Fertilization;  Hybridization, Genetic;  Infusions, Intravenous;  Injections, Intravenous;  Male;  Mice;  Mice, Inbred NZB;  Ovulation;  Platelet Activating Factor;  Superovulation",
    abstract = "Platelet Activating Factor (PAF) is a bioactive phospholipid, which exhibits a variety of biological activities and plays a significant role in all aspects of reproduction. In this work, a single intravenous injection of various concentrations of PAF shortly after Human Chorionic Gonadotropin (HCG) administration as well as 24 and 48 h before HCG administration was studied in NZB x NZW F1 hybrid mice. Optimum results were observed when PAF was injected just after the administration of HCG. In this protocol, the concentrations of PAF exhibited bell-shaped response to every stage of development. Any concentration of PAF between 5.5 × 10-11 and 5.5 × 10-15 g/g b.w., caused an improved ovulation rate, an increased fertilization rate, an increased rate of cell cycle and an enhanced hatching blastocyst rate (P < 0.05 for all stages). Injection of lyso-PAF had no effect in any stage. Our data show that the effect of PAF on early stages of embryo development in vitro is dependent on its way of administration, on the concentrations used as well as on the time PAF is injected. © 2008 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved."
}