@article{3063739,
    title = "Mechanical stability of the CMS strip tracker measured with a laser alignment system",
    author = "Skovpen, Y. and Sirunyan, A.M. and Tumasyan, A. and Adam, W. and Asilar, E. and Bergauer, T. and Brandstetter, J. and Brondolin, E. and Dragicevic, M. and Erö, J. and Flechl, M. and Friedl, M. and Frühwirth, R. and Ghete, V.M. and Hoch, M. and Hartl, C. and Hörmann, N. and Hrubec, J. and Jeitler, M. and König, A. and Krätschmer, I. and Liko, D. and Matsushita, T. and Mikulec, I. and Rabady, D. and Rad, N. and Rahbaran, B. and Rohringer, H. and Schieck, J. and Strauss, J. and Waltenberger, W. and Wulz, C.-E. and Dvornikov, O. and Makarenko, V. and Mossolov, V. and Gonzalez, J.S. and Zykunov, V. and Shumeiko, N. and Alderweireldt, S. and De Wolf, E.A. and Janssen, X. and Lauwers, J. and Van De Klundert, M. and Van Haevermaet, H. and Van Mechelen, P. and Van Remortel, N. and Van Spilbeeck, A. and Zeid, S.A. and Blekman, F. and D'Hondt, J. and Daci, N. and De Bruyn, I. and Deroover, K. and Lowette, S. and Moortgat, S. and Moreels, L. and Olbrechts, A. and Python, Q. and Skovpen, K. and Tavernier, S. and Van Doninck, W. and Van Mulders, P. and Van Parijs, I. and Brun, H. and Clerbaux, B. and De Lentdecker, G. and Delannoy, H. and Fasanella, G. and Favart, L. and Goldouzian, R. and Grebenyuk, A. and Karapostoli, G. and Lenzi, T. and Léonard, A. and Luetic, J. and Maerschalk, T. and Marinov, A. and Randle-Conde, A. and Seva, T. and Velde, C.V. and Vanlaer, P. and Vannerom, D. and Yonamine, R. and Zenoni, F. and Zhang, F. and Cimmino, A. and Cornelis, T. and Dobur, D. and Fagot, A. and Gul, M. and Khvastunov, I. and Poyraz, D. and Salva, S. and Schöfbeck, R. and Tytgat, M. and Van Driessche, W. and Yazgan, E. and Zaganidis, N. and Bakhshiansohi, H. and Beluffi, C. and Bondu, O. and Brochet, S. and Bruno, G. and Caudron, A. and De Visscher, S. and Delaere, C. and Delcourt, M. and Francois, B. and Giammanco, A. and Jafari, A. and Komm, M. and Krintiras, G. and Lemaitre, V. and Magitteri, A. and Mertens, A. and Musich, M. and Piotrzkowski, K. and Quertenmont, L. and Selvaggi, M. and Marono, M.V. and Wertz, S. and Beliy, N. and Júnior, W.L.A. and Alves, F.L. and Alves, G.A. and Brito, L. and Hensel, C. and Moraes, A. and Pol, M.E. and Teles, P.R. and Chagas, E.B.B.D. and Carvalho, W. and Chinellato, J. and Custódio, A. and Da Costa, E.M.D. and Da Silveira, G.G.D. and De Jesus Damiao, D. and De Oliveira Martins, C. and De Souza, S.F. and Guativa, L.M.H. and Malbouisson, H. and Figueiredo, D.M. and Herrera, C.M. and Mundim, L. and Nogima, H. and Da Silva, W.L.P. and Santoro, A. and Sznajder, A. and Manganote, E.J.T. and Da Silva De Araujo, F.T. and Pereira, A.V. and Ahuja, S. and Bernardes, C.A. and Dogra, S. and Tomei, T.R.F.P. and Gregores, E.M. and Mercadante, P.G. and Moon, C.S. and Novaes, S.F. and Padula, S.S. and Abad, D.R. and Vargas, J.C.R. and Aleksandrov, A. and Hadjiiska, R. and Iaydjiev, P. and Rodozov, M. and Stoykova, S. and Sultanov, G. and Vutova, M. and Dimitrov, A. and Glushkov, I. and Litov, L. and Pavlov, B. 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    journal = "Journal of Instrumentation",
    year = "2017",
    volume = "12",
    number = "4",
    publisher = "IOP Publishing Ltd",
    issn = "1748-0221",
    doi = "10.1088/1748-0221/12/04/P04023",
    keywords = "Alignment;  Carbon fibers;  Composite structures;  Cosmology;  Hadrons;  Semiconductor detectors;  Solid state lasers;  System stability, Astroparticle physics;  Calibration method;  Carbon fibre composites;  Hadron-Hadron collisions;  Laser alignment systems;  Particle tracking;  Solid state detectors;  Temperature variation, Mechanical stability",
    abstract = "The CMS tracker consists of 206 m2 of silicon strip sensors assembled on carbon fibre composite structures and is designed for operation in the temperature range from -25 to +25°C. The mechanical stability of tracker components during physics operation was monitored with a few μm resolution using a dedicated laser alignment system as well as particle tracks from cosmic rays and hadron-hadron collisions. During the LHC operational period of 2011-2013 at stable temperatures, the components of the tracker were observed to experience relative movements of less than 30μm. In addition, temperature variations were found to cause displacements of tracker structures of about 2μm°C, which largely revert to their initial positions when the temperature is restored to its original value. © CERN 2017 for the benefit of the CMS collaboration.."
}