@article{3074320,
    title = "Search for heavy long-lived particles that decay to photons at CDF II",
    author = "Abulencia, A. and Adelman, J. and Affolder, T. and Akimoto, T. and Albrow, M.G. and Amerio, S. and Amidei, D. and Anastassov, A. and Anikeev, K. and Annovi, A. and Antos, J. and Aoki, M. and Apollinari, G. and Arisawa, T. and Artikov, A. and Ashmanskas, W. and Attal, A. and Aurisano, A. and Azfar, F. and Azzi-Bacchetta, P. and Azzurri, P. and Bacchetta, N. and Badgett, W. and Barbaro-Galtieri, A. and Barnes, V.E. and Barnett, B.A. and Baroiant, S. and Bartsch, V. and Bauer, G. and Beauchemin, P.-H. and Bedeschi, F. and Behari, S. and Bellettini, G. and Bellinger, J. and Belloni, A. and Benjamin, D. and Beretvas, A. and Beringer, J. and Berry, T. and Bhatti, A. and Binkley, M. and Bisello, D. and Bizjak, I. and Blair, R.E. and Blocker, C. and Blumenfeld, B. and Bocci, A. and Bodek, A. and Boisvert, V. and Bolla, G. and Bolshov, A. and Bortoletto, D. and Boudreau, J. and Boveia, A. and Brau, B. and Brigliadori, L. and Bromberg, C. and Brubaker, E. and Budagov, J. and Budd, H.S. and Budd, S. and Burkett, K. and Busetto, G. and Bussey, P. and Buzatu, A. and Byrum, K.L. and Cabrera, S. and Campanelli, M. and Campbell, M. and Canelli, F. and Canepa, A. and Carillo, S. and Carlsmith, D. and Carosi, R. and Carron, S. and Casal, B. and Casarsa, M. and Castro, A. and Catastini, P. and Cauz, D. and Cavalli-Sforza, M. and Cerri, A. and Cerrito, L. and Chang, S.H. and Chen, Y.C. and Chertok, M. and Chiarelli, G. and Chlachidze, G. and Chlebana, F. and Cho, I. and Cho, K. and Chokheli, D. and Chou, J.P. and Choudalakis, G. and Chuang, S.H. and Chung, K. and Chung, W.H. and Chung, Y.S. and Cilijak, M. and Ciobanu, C.I. and Ciocci, M.A. and Clark, A. and Clark, D. and Coca, M. and Compostella, G. and Convery, M.E. and Conway, J. and Cooper, B. and Copic, K. and Cordelli, M. and Cortiana, G. and Crescioli, F. and Cuenca Almenar, C. and Cuevas, J. and Culbertson, R. and Cully, J.C. and Daronco, S. and Datta, M. and Da'Auria, S. and Davies, T. and Dagenhart, D. and De Barbaro, P. and De Cecco, S. and Deisher, A. and De Lentdecker, G. and De Lorenzo, G. and Dell'Orso, M. and Delli Paoli, F. and Demortier, L. and Deng, J. and Deninno, M. and De Pedis, D. and Derwent, P.F. and Di Giovanni, G.P. and Dionisi, C. and Di Ruzza, B. and Dittmann, J.R. and D'Onofrio, M. and Dörr, C. and Donati, S. and Dong, P. and Donini, J. and Dorigo, T. and Dube, S. and Efron, J. and Erbacher, R. and Errede, D. and Errede, S. and Eusebi, R. and Fang, H.C. and Farrington, S. and Fedorko, I. and Fedorko, W.T. and Feild, R.G. and Feindt, M. and Fernandez, J.P. and Field, R. and Flanagan, G. and Forrest, R. and Forrester, S. and Franklin, M. and Freeman, J.C. and Furic, I. and Gallinaro, M. and Galyardt, J. and Garcia, J.E. and Garberson, F. and Garfinkel, A.F. and Gay, C. and Gerberich, H. and Gerdes, D. and Giagu, S. and Giannetti, P. and Gibson, K. and Gimmell, J.L. and Ginsburg, C. and Giokaris, N. and Giordani, M. and Giromini, P. and Giunta, M. and Giurgiu, G. and Glagolev, V. and Glenzinski, D. and Gold, M. and Goldschmidt, N. and Goldstein, J. and Golossanov, A. and Gomez, G. and Gomez-Ceballos, G. and Goncharov, M. and González, O. and Gorelov, I. and Goshaw, A.T. and Goulianos, K. and Gresele, A. and Grinstein, S. and Grosso-Pilcher, C. and Group, R.C. and Grundler, U. and Guimaraes Da Costa, J. and Gunay-Unalan, Z. and Haber, C. and Hahn, K. and Hahn, S.R. and Halkiadakis, E. and Hamilton, A. and Han, B.-Y. and Han, J.Y. and Handler, R. and Happacher, F. and Hara, K. and Hare, D. and Hare, M. and Harper, S. and Harr, R.F. and Harris, R.M. and Hartz, M. and Hatakeyama, K. and Hauser, J. and Hays, C. and Heck, M. and Heijboer, A. and Heinemann, B. and Heinrich, J. and Henderson, C. and Herndon, M. and Heuser, J. and Hidas, D. and Hill, C.S. and Hirschbuehl, D. and Hocker, A. and Holloway, A. and Hou, S. and Houlden, M. and Hsu, S.-C. and Huffman, B.T. and Hughes, R.E. and Husemann, U. and Huston, J. and Incandela, J. and Introzzi, G. and Iori, M. and Ivanov, A. and Iyutin, B. and James, E. and Jang, D. and Jayatilaka, B. and Jeans, D. and Jeon, E.J. and Jindariani, S. and Johnson, W. and Jones, M. and Joo, K.K. and Jun, S.Y. and Jung, J.E. and Junk, T.R. and Kamon, T. and Karchin, P.E. and Kato, Y. and Kemp, Y. and Kephart, R. and Kerzel, U. and Khotilovich, V. and Kilminster, B. and Kim, D.H. and Kim, H.S. and Kim, J.E. and Kim, M.J. and Kim, S.B. and Kim, S.H. and Kim, Y.K. and Kimura, N. and Kirsch, L. and Klimenko, S. and Klute, M. and Knuteson, B. and Ko, B.R. and Kondo, K. and Kong, D.J. and Konigsberg, J. and Korytov, A. and Kotwal, A.V. and Kraan, A.C. and Kraus, J. and Kreps, M. and Kroll, J. and Krumnack, N. and Kruse, M. and Krutelyov, V. and Kubo, T. and Kuhlmann, S.E. and Kuhr, T. and Kulkarni, N.P. and Kusakabe, Y. and Kwang, S. and Laasanen, A.T. and Lai, S. and Lami, S. and Lammel, S. and Lancaster, M. and Lander, R.L. and Lannon, K. and Lath, A. and Latino, G. and Lazzizzera, I. and Lecompte, T. and Lee, E. and Lee, J. and Lee, J. and Lee, Y.J. and Lee, S.W. and Lefévre, R. and Leonardo, N. and Leone, S. and Levy, S. and Lewis, J.D. and Lin, C. and Lin, C.S. and Lindgren, M. and Lipeles, E. and Lister, A. and Litvintsev, D.O. and Liu, T. and Lockyer, N.S. and Loginov, A. and Loreti, M. and Lu, R.-S. and Lucchesi, D. and Lujan, P. and Lukens, P. and Lungu, G. and Lyons, L. and Lys, J. and Lysak, R. and Lytken, E. and MacK, P. and MacQueen, D. and Madrak, R. and Maeshima, K. and Makhoul, K. and Maki, T. and Maksimovic, P. and Malde, S. and Malik, S. and Manca, G. and Margaroli, F. and Marginean, R. and Marino, C. and Marino, C.P. and Martin, A. and Martin, M. and Martin, V. and Martínez, M. and Martínez-Ballarín, R. and Maruyama, T. and Mastrandrea, P. and Masubuchi, T. and Matsunaga, H. and Mattson, M.E. and Mazini, R. and Mazzanti, P. and McFarland, K.S. and McIntyre, P. and McNulty, R. and Mehta, A. and Mehtala, P. and Menzemer, S. and Menzione, A. and Merkel, P. and Mesropian, C. and Messina, A. and Miao, T. and Miladinovic, N. and Miles, J. and Miller, R. and Mills, C. and Milnik, M. and Mitra, A. and Mitselmakher, G. and Miyamoto, A. and Moed, S. and Moggi, N. and Mohr, B. and Moon, C.S. and Moore, R. and Morello, M. and Movilla Fernandez, P. and Mülmenstädt, J. and Mukherjee, A. and Muller, Th. and Mumford, R. and Murat, P. and Mussini, M. and Nachtman, J. and Nagano, A. and Naganoma, J. and Nakamura, K. and Nakano, I. and Napier, A. and Necula, V. and Neu, C. and Neubauer, M.S. and Nielsen, J. and Nodulman, L. and Norniella, O. and Nurse, E. and Oh, S.H. and Oh, Y.D. and Oksuzian, I. and Okusawa, T. and Oldeman, R. and Orava, R. and Osterberg, K. and Pagliarone, C. and Palencia, E. and Papadimitriou, V. and Papaikonomou, A. and Paramonov, A.A. and Parks, B. and Pashapour, S. and Patrick, J. and Pauletta, G. and Paulini, M. and Paus, C. and Pellett, D.E. and Penzo, A. and Phillips, T.J. and Piacentino, G. and Piedra, J. and Pinera, L. and Pitts, K. and Plager, C. and Pondrom, L. and Portell, X. and Poukhov, O. and Pounder, N. and Prakoshyn, F. and Pronko, A. and Proudfoot, J. and Ptohos, F. and Punzi, G. and Pursley, J. and Rademacker, J. and Rahaman, A. and Ramakrishnan, V. and Ranjan, N. and Redondo, I. and Reisert, B. and Rekovic, V. and Renton, P. and Rescigno, M. and Richter, S. and Rimondi, F. and Ristori, L. and Robson, A. and Rodrigo, T. and Rogers, E. and Rolli, S. and Roser, R. and Rossi, M. and Rossin, R. and Roy, P. and Ruiz, A. and Russ, J. and Rusu, V. and Saarikko, H. and Safonov, A. and Sakumoto, W.K. and Salamanna, G. and Saltó, O. and Santi, L. and Sarkar, S. and Sartori, L. and Sato, K. and Savard, P. and Savoy-Navarro, A. and Scheidle, T. and Schlabach, P. and Schmidt, E.E. and Schmidt, M.P. and Schmitt, M. and Schwarz, T. and Scodellaro, L. and Scott, A.L. and Scribano, A. and Scuri, F. and Sedov, A. and Seidel, S. and Seiya, Y. and Semenov, A. and Sexton-Kennedy, L. and Sfyrla, A. and Shalhout, S.Z. and Shapiro, M.D. and Shears, T. and Shepard, P.F. and Sherman, D. and Shimojima, M. and Shochet, M. and Shon, Y. and Shreyber, I. and Sidoti, A. and Sinervo, P. and Sisakyan, A. and Slaughter, A.J. and Slaunwhite, J. and Sliwa, K. and Smith, J.R. and Snider, F.D. and Snihur, R. and Soderberg, M. and Soha, A. and Somalwar, S. and Sorin, V. and Spalding, J. and Spinella, F. and Spreitzer, T. and Squillacioti, P. and Stanitzki, M. and Staveris-Polykalas, A. and St. Denis, R. and Stelzer, B. and Stelzer-Chilton, O. and Stentz, D. and Strologas, J. and Stuart, D. and Suh, J.S. and Sukhanov, A. and Sun, H. and Suslov, I. and Suzuki, T. and Taffard, A. and Takashima, R. and Takeuchi, Y. and Tanaka, R. and Tecchio, M. and Teng, P.K. and Terashi, K. and Thom, J. and Thompson, A.S. and Thomson, E. and Tipton, P. and Tiwari, V. and Tkaczyk, S. and Toback, D. and Tokar, S. and Tollefson, K. and Tomura, T. and Tonelli, D. and Torre, S. and Torretta, D. and Tourneur, S. and Trischuk, W. and Tsuno, S. and Tu, Y. and Turini, N. and Ukegawa, F. and Uozumi, S. and Vallecorsa, S. and Van Remortel, N. and Varganov, A. and Vataga, E. and Vazquez, F. and Velev, G. and Veramendi, G. and Veszpremi, V. and Vidal, M. and Vidal, R. and Vila, I. and Vilar, R. and Vine, T. and Vollrath, I. and Volobouev, I. and Volpi, G. and Würthwein, F. and Wagner, P. and Wagner, R.G. and Wagner, R.L. and Wagner, J. and Wagner, W. and Wallny, R. and Wang, S.M. and Warburton, A. and Waters, D. and Weinberger, M. and Wester, W.C. and Whitehouse, B. and Whiteson, D. and Wicklund, A.B. and Wicklund, E. and Williams, G. and Williams, H.H. and Wilson, P. and Winer, B.L. and Wittich, P. and Wolbers, S. and Wolfe, C. and Wright, T. and Wu, X. and Wynne, S.M. and Yagil, A. and Yamamoto, K. and Yamaoka, J. and Yamashita, T. and Yang, C. and Yang, U.K. and Yang, Y.C. and Yao, W.M. and Yeh, G.P. and Yoh, J. and Yorita, K. and Yoshida, T. and Yu, G.B. and Yu, I. and Yu, S.S. and Yun, J.C. and Zanello, L. and Zanetti, A. and Zaw, I. and Zhang, X. and Zhou, J. and Zucchelli, S.",
    journal = "Physical Review and Physical Review Letters Index",
    year = "2007",
    volume = "99",
    number = "12",
    issn = "0094-0003",
    doi = "10.1103/PhysRevLett.99.121801",
    keywords = "Colliding beam accelerators;  Luminance;  Molecular interactions;  Particle detectors, Integrated luminosity;  Model specific dynamics;  Supersymmetric models, Elementary particles",
    abstract = "We present the first search for heavy, long-lived particles that decay to photons at a hadron collider. We use a sample of Î+jet+missing transverse energy events in pp collisions at s=1.96 TeV taken with the CDF II detector. Candidate events are selected based on the arrival time of the photon at the detector. Using an integrated luminosity of 570pb-1 of collision data, we observe 2 events, consistent with the background estimate of 1.3 0.7 events. While our search strategy does not rely on model-specific dynamics, we set cross section limits in a supersymmetric model with I E 10 GE and place the world-best 95% C.L. lower limit on the χ˜10 mass of 101 GeV/c2 at Ï.,χ˜10=5ns. © 2007 The American Physical Society."
}