@article{3078085,
    title = "Lipid profile is associated with treatment regimen in a large cohort of children and adolescents with Type 1 diabetes mellitus: a study from the international SWEET database",
    author = "Kosteria, I. and Schwandt, A. and Davis, E. and Jali, S. and Prieto, M. and Rottembourg, D. and the SWEET study group",
    journal = "Diabetic Medicine",
    year = "2019",
    volume = "36",
    number = "10",
    pages = "1294-1303",
    publisher = "Wiley-Blackwell Publishing Ltd",
    issn = "0742-3071, 1464-5491",
    doi = "10.1111/dme.13963",
    keywords = "hemoglobin A1c;  high density lipoprotein cholesterol;  insulin;  low density lipoprotein cholesterol;  antidiabetic agent;  high density lipoprotein cholesterol;  insulin;  lipid;  low density lipoprotein cholesterol, adolescent;  Article;  child;  cohort analysis;  cross-sectional study;  data base;  disease duration;  disease registry;  dyslipidemia;  female;  hemoglobin blood level;  high density lipoprotein cholesterol level;  human;  insulin dependent diabetes mellitus;  insulin treatment;  intermethod comparison;  lipid fingerprinting;  low density lipoprotein cholesterol level;  major clinical study;  male;  multicenter study;  standard;  blood;  body weight;  comparative study;  complication;  dyslipidemia;  factual database;  glucose blood level;  injection;  insulin dependent diabetes mellitus;  insulin infusion;  register;  sex factor, Adolescent;  Blood Glucose;  Body Weight;  Child;  Cholesterol, HDL;  Cholesterol, LDL;  Cohort Studies;  Databases, Factual;  Diabetes Mellitus, Type 1;  Dyslipidemias;  Female;  Humans;  Hypoglycemic Agents;  Injections;  Insulin;  Insulin Infusion Systems;  Lipids;  Male;  Registries;  Sex Factors",
    abstract = "Aims: To examine the effect of pump vs injection therapy on the lipid profile of children with Type 1 diabetes mellitus. Methods: A cross-sectional analysis of the lipid profile of children aged ≤ 18 years with Type 1 diabetes mellitus from SWEET, an international diabetes registry, was conducted with a focus on the effect of treatment regimen. Dyslipidaemia was defined as LDL cholesterol ≥2.6 mmol/l or non-HDL cholesterol ≥3.1 mmol/l. LDL and non-HDL cholesterol values among 14 290 children (52% boys, 51% receiving pump therapy) from 60 SWEET centres were analysed by linear and logistic regression analysis adjusted for sex, age, diabetes duration, HbA1c and BMI-standard deviation score group, region, and common interactions between age, sex, HbA1c and BMI. Results: This study confirmed the established associations of increased lipids with female sex, age, diabetes duration, HbA1c and BMI. LDL and non-HDL cholesterol levels were lower in the pump therapy group compared to the injection therapy group [LDL cholesterol: injection therapy 2.44 mmol/l (95% CI 2.42 to 2.46) vs pump therapy 2.39 mmol/l (95% CI 2.37–2.41), P<0.001; non-HDL cholesterol: injection therapy 2.88 mmol/l (95% CI 2.86 to 2.90) vs pump therapy 2.80 mmol/l (95% CI 2.78–2.82), both P<0.0001]. Similarly, the odds ratios for LDL cholesterol ≥2.6 mmol/l [0.89 (95% CI 0.82–0.97)] and non-HDL cholesterol ≥3.1 mmol/l [0.85 (0.78 to 0.93)] were significantly lower in the pump therapy group, even after all adjustments. Conclusions: Our results indicate that pump therapy is associated with a better lipid profile. © 2019 Diabetes UK"
}