@article{3078251,
    title = "Osteopontin drives KRAS-mutant lung adenocarcinoma",
    author = "Giopanou, I. and Kanellakis, N.I. and Giannou, A.D. and Lilis, I. and Marazioti, A. and Spella, M. and Papaleonidopoulos, V. and Simoes, D.C.M. and Zazara, D.E. and Agalioti, T. and Moschos, C. and Magkouta, S. and Kalomenidis, I. and Panoutsakopoulou, V. and Lamort, A.-S. and Stathopoulos, G.T. and Psallidas, I.",
    journal = "Journal of Carcinogenesis",
    year = "2020",
    volume = "41",
    number = "8",
    pages = "1134-1144",
    publisher = "Oxford University Press",
    issn = "1477-3163",
    doi = "10.1093/carcin/bgz190",
    keywords = "carcinogen;  cre recombinase;  K ras protein;  osteopontin;  osteopontin;  protein p21, Adenoviridae;  angiogenesis;  animal experiment;  animal model;  Article;  cancer survival;  carcinogenic activity;  cell survival;  controlled study;  gene mutation;  gene overexpression;  human;  human cell;  inflammation;  lung adenocarcinoma;  lung carcinogenesis;  lung epithelium;  macrophage;  mouse;  mutant;  nonhuman;  priority journal;  protein expression;  smoking;  tobacco;  adverse event;  animal;  C57BL mouse;  carcinogenesis;  experimental neoplasm;  genetics;  HEK293 cell line;  lung adenocarcinoma;  lung tumor;  metabolism;  mutation;  pathology, Adenocarcinoma of Lung;  Animals;  Carcinogenesis;  HEK293 Cells;  Humans;  Lung Neoplasms;  Mice;  Mice, Inbred C57BL;  Mutation;  Neoplasms, Experimental;  Osteopontin;  Proto-Oncogene Proteins p21(ras);  Smoking",
    abstract = "Increased expression of osteopontin (secreted phosphoprotein 1, SPP1) is associated with aggressive human lung adenocarcinoma (LADC), but its function remains unknown. Our aim was to determine the role of SPP1 in smoking-induced LADC. We combined mouse models of tobacco carcinogen-induced LADC, of deficiency of endogenous Spp1 alleles, and of adoptive pulmonary macrophage reconstitution to map the expression of SPP1 and its receptors and determine its impact during carcinogenesis. Co-expression of Spp1 and mutant KrasG12C in benign cells was employed to investigate SPP1/KRAS interactions in oncogenesis. Finally, intratracheal adenovirus encoding Cre recombinase was delivered to LSL.KRASG12D mice lacking endogenous or overexpressing transgenic Spp1 alleles. SPP1 was overexpressed in experimental and human LADC and portended poor survival. In response to two different smoke carcinogens, Spp1-deficient mice developed fewer and smaller LADC with decreased cellular survival and angiogenesis. Both lung epithelial- A nd macrophage-secreted SPP1 drove tumor-associated inflammation, while epithelial SPP1 promoted early tumorigenesis by fostering the survival of KRAS-mutated cells. Finally, loss and overexpression of Spp1 was, respectively, protective and deleterious for mice harboring KRASG12D-driven LADC. Our data support that SPP1 is functionally involved in early stages of airway epithelial carcinogenesis driven by smoking and mutant KRAS and may present an important therapeutic target. © 2019 The Author(s) 2019. Published by Oxford University Press. All rights reserved. For Permissions, please email: Journals.permissions@oup.com."
}