@article{3083903,
    title = "Pleural fluid levels of vascular cell adhesion molecule-1 are elevated
in eosinophilic pleural effusions",
    author = "Kalomenidis, I and Mohamed, KH and Lane, KB and Peebles, RS and and Barnette, R and Rodriguez, RM and Light, RW",
    journal = "Chest",
    year = "2003",
    volume = "124",
    number = "1",
    pages = "159-166",
    publisher = "AMER COLL CHEST PHYSICIANS",
    issn = "0012-3692, 1931-3543",
    doi = "10.1378/chest.124.1.159",
    keywords = "chemokines; cytokines; eosinophilic pleural effusion; cotaxin;
interleukin-5; vascular cell adhesion molecule-1",
    abstract = "Study objectives: The mechanisms responsible for the accumulation of
eosinophils in pleural fluid are not fully understood. The objective of
them present study was to examine the relationship between pleural fluid
eosinophilia and the levels of vascular cell adhesion molecule (VCAM)-1,
eotaxin, RANTES (regulated upon activation, normal T-cell expressed and
secreted), and interleukin (IL)-4 in pleural effusions.
Patients and methods: Thirty-one patients with eosinophilic pleural
effusion (EPE) [eosinophil percentage > 10% of the pleural fluid
nucleated cells] and 10 patients without EPE were evaluated. VCAM-1,
eotaxin, RANTES, and, IL-4 in all pleural fluids were measured using
enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay kits. IL-5 levels of the same fluids
were measured in a previous study.
Results: VCAM-1, eotaxin, and RANTES but not IL-4 were detectable in the
pleural fluids. The mean level of VCAM-I in EPE (336 +/- 85 ng/mL) was
significantly higher (p = 0.011) than that in the noneosinophilic
effusions (260 +/- 34 ng/mL) [mean +/- SD]. VCAM-I levels were
significantly correlated with the eosinophil count and percentage in all
pleural fluids (r = 0.43, p = 0.005, and r = 0.37, p = 0.019,
respectively). Multiple linear regression analysis disclosed’ that both
IL-5 (beta, 0.63; p < 0.001) and VCAM-I (beta, 0.27, p = 0.025) are
independent predictors of the number of eosinophils in all pleural
fluids.. RANTES and eotaxin did not differ significantly between EPEs
and non-EPEs, and were not correlated with the number of pleural fluid
eosinophils.
Conclusion: The levels of VCAM-I are increased in EPE, suggesting that
VCAM-I is important in the pathogenesis of EPE. Neither eotaxin nor
RANTES is associated with pleural fluid eosinophilia."
}