@article{3085949,
    title = "Consumption of fruits, vegetables and fruit juices and differentiated thyroid carcinoma risk in the European Prospective Investigation into Cancer and Nutrition (EPIC) study",
    author = "Zamora-Ros, R. and Béraud, V. and Franceschi, S. and Cayssials, V. and Tsilidis, K.K. and Boutron-Ruault, M.-C. and Weiderpass, E. and Overvad, K. and Tjønneland, A. and Eriksen, A.K. and Bonnet, F. and Affret, A. and Katzke, V. and Kühn, T. and Boeing, H. and Trichopoulou, A. and Valanou, E. and Karakatsani, A. and Masala, G. and Grioni, S. and Santucci de Magistris, M. and Tumino, R. and Ricceri, F. and Skeie, G. and Parr, C.L. and Merino, S. and Salamanca-Fernández, E. and Chirlaque, M.-D. and Ardanaz, E. and Amiano, P. and Almquist, M. and Drake, I. and Hennings, J. and Sandström, M. and Bueno-de-Mesquita, H.B. and Peeters, P.H. and Khaw, K.-T. and Wareham, N.J. and Schmidt, J.A. and Perez-Cornago, A. and Aune, D. and Riboli, E. and Slimani, N. and Scalbert, A. and Romieu, I. and Agudo, A. and Rinaldi, S.",
    journal = "International Journal  of Cancer",
    year = "2018",
    volume = "142",
    number = "3",
    pages = "449-459",
    publisher = "Wiley-Liss, Inc.",
    issn = "0020-7136",
    doi = "10.1002/ijc.30880",
    keywords = "adult;  aged;  Article;  cancer incidence;  cancer risk;  cohort analysis;  dietary intake;  differentiated thyroid cancer;  female;  follow up;  fruit and vegetable juice;  fruit juice;  hazard ratio;  human;  major clinical study;  male;  multicenter study;  nutritional assessment;  population research;  primary tumor;  priority journal;  prospective study;  questionnaire;  sugar intake;  clinical trial;  diet;  Europe;  fruit;  fruit and vegetable juice;  healthy diet;  middle aged;  statistics and numerical data;  thyroid tumor;  vegetable, Adult;  Aged;  Cohort Studies;  Diet;  Europe;  Female;  Fruit;  Fruit and Vegetable Juices;  Healthy Diet;  Humans;  Male;  Middle Aged;  Prospective Studies;  Thyroid Neoplasms;  Vegetables",
    abstract = "Fruit and vegetable (F&V) intake is considered as probably protective against overall cancer risk, but results in previous studies are not consistent for thyroid cancer (TC). The purpose of this study is to examine the association between the consumption of fruits, vegetables, fruit juices and differentiated thyroid cancer risk within the European Prospective Investigation into Cancer and Nutrition (EPIC) study. The EPIC study is a cohort including over half a million participants, recruited between 1991 and 2000. During a mean follow-up of 14 years, 748 incident first primary differentiated TC cases were identified. F&V and fruit juice intakes were assessed through validated country-specific dietary questionnaires. Hazard ratios (HRs) and 95% confidence intervals (CIs) were estimated using Cox regression models adjusted for potential confounding factors. Comparing the highest versus lowest quartile of intake, differentiated TC risk was not associated with intakes of total F&V (HR: 0.89; 95% CI: 0.68–1.15; p-trend = 0.44), vegetables (HR: 0.89; 95% CI: 0.69–1.14; p-trend = 0.56), or fruit (HR: 1.00; 95% CI: 0.79–1.26; p-trend = 0.64). No significant association was observed with any individual type of vegetable or fruit. However, there was a positive borderline trend with fruit juice intake (HR: 1.23; 95% CI: 0.98–1.53; p-trend = 0.06). This study did not find any significant association between F&V intakes and differentiated TC risk; however a positive trend with fruit juice intake was observed, possibly related to its high sugar content. © 2017 UICC"
}