@article{3089327,
    title = "Plasma phyto-oestrogens and prostate cancer in the European Prospective Investigation into Cancer and Nutrition",
    author = "Travis, R.C. and Spencer, E.A. and Allen, N.E. and Appleby, P.N. and Roddam, A.W. and Overvad, K. and Johnsen, N.F. and Olsen, A. and Kaaks, R. and Linseisen, J. and Boeing, H. and Nöthlings, U. and Bueno-De-Mesquita, H.B. and Ros, M.M. and Sacerdote, C. and Palli, D. and Tumino, R. and Berrino, F. and Trichopoulou, A. and Dilis, V. and Trichopoulos, D. and Chirlaque, M.-D. and Ardanaz, E. and Larranaga, N. and Gonzalez, C. and Suárez, L.R. and Sánchez, M.-J. and Bingham, S. and Khaw, K.-T. and Hallmans, G. and Stattin, P. and Rinaldi, S. and Slimani, N. and Jenab, M. and Riboli, E. and Key, T.J.",
    journal = "British Journal of Cancer",
    year = "2009",
    volume = "100",
    number = "11",
    pages = "1817-1823",
    issn = "0007-0920, 1532-1827",
    doi = "10.1038/sj.bjc.6605073",
    keywords = "daidzein;  enterodiol;  enterolactone;  equol;  genistein;  isoflavone;  lignan;  phytoestrogen, adult;  aged;  alcohol consumption;  article;  blood level;  blood sampling;  body mass;  cancer risk;  case control study;  cigarette smoking;  controlled study;  Europe;  human;  liquid chromatography;  major clinical study;  male;  plasma;  priority journal;  prospective study;  prostate cancer;  risk assessment;  risk reduction;  tandem mass spectrometry, Case-Control Studies;  Diet;  Europe;  Genistein;  Humans;  Male;  Middle Aged;  Phytoestrogens;  Prostatic Neoplasms;  Risk Factors",
    abstract = "We examined plasma concentrations of phyto-oestrogens in relation to risk for subsequent prostate cancer in a case-control study nested in the European Prospective Investigation into Cancer and Nutrition. Concentrations of isoflavones genistein, daidzein and equol, and that of lignans enterolactone and enterodiol, were measured in plasma samples for 950 prostate cancer cases and 1042 matched control participants. Relative risks (RRs) for prostate cancer in relation to plasma concentrations of these phyto-oestrogens were estimated by conditional logistic regression. Higher plasma concentrations of genistein were associated with lower risk of prostate cancer: RR among men in the highest vs the lowest fifth, 0.71 (95% confidence interval (CI) 0.53-0.96, P trend0.03). After adjustment for potential confounders this RR was 0.74 (95% CI 0.54-1.00, P trend0.05). No statistically significant associations were observed for circulating concentrations of daidzein, equol, enterolactone or enterodiol in relation to overall risk for prostate cancer. There was no evidence of heterogeneity in these results by age at blood collection or country of recruitment, nor by cancer stage or grade. These results suggest that higher concentrations of circulating genistein may reduce the risk of prostate cancer but do not support an association with plasma lignans. © 2009 Cancer Research UK."
}