@article{3091615,
    title = "No effect of stem cell mobilization with GM-CSF on infarct size and left
ventricular function in experimental acute myocardial infarction",
    author = "Terrovitis, J and Charitos, C and Dolou, P and Papalois, A and and Eleftheriou, A and Tsolakis, E and Charitos, E and Mponios, M and and Karanastasis, G and Koudoumas, D and Agapitos, E and Nanas, JN",
    journal = "Basic Research in Cardiology",
    year = "2004",
    volume = "99",
    number = "4",
    pages = "241-246",
    publisher = "Springer Berlin Heidelberg",
    issn = "0300-8428, 1435-1803",
    doi = "10.1107/s00395-004-0473-8",
    keywords = "myocardial infarction; infarct size; left ventricular function; stem
cell mobilization; stem cell therapy; GM-CSF",
    abstract = "Objectives:. To evaluate the effect of bone marrowpluripotent stem cell
mobilization with granulocyte-monocyte colony stimulating factor (GMCSF)
on infarct size and left ventricular function, in the setting of acute
myocardial infarction, with a protocol easily applicable in clinical
practice. Methods:. Ten pigs underwent left thoracotomy and left
anterior descending coronary artery occlusion for 1 h, followed by
reperfusion. After 50 min of arterial occlusion, the animals were
randomly divided between treatment with placebo (Group 1) and
subcutaneous GM-CSF (Group 2). The thoracotomy was closed and the
animals recovered. In Group 2, GM-CSF, 20 mug/kg, was administered
daily, 5 days/week, for 3 weeks. Echocardiograms were obtained at 5 and
28 days after acute myocardial infarction. At 30 days, infarct size,
expressed as a percentage of the whole left ventricular mass, was
measured. Results:. The white blood cell count increased from 13000 +/-
3338/mul to 28700 +/- 4916/mul (p = 0.001) in the GM-CSF-treated group.
Infarct size was 7.8 +/- 6.1% in Group 1 vs 7.5 +/- 7.7% in Group 2
(ns). Similarly, no significant difference was observed between the 2
study groups in any of the echocardiographic measurements made at 28
days. Conclusions:. Subcutaneous GMCSF administered during the early
post acute myocardial infarction period neither decreased infarct size
nor improved left ventricular function. Other protocols for mobilization
of stem cells and their concentration in the injured area should be
developed to combine efficacy and clinical applicability."
}