@article{3093701,
    title = "Normative angiographic data relating to the dimensions of the aorta and
pulmonary trunk in children and adolescents",
    author = "Rammos, Spyridon and Apostolopoulou, Sotiria C. and Kramer, Hans H. and and Kozlik-Feldmann, Reiner and Heusch, Andreas and Laskari, Cleo V. and and Anagnostopoulos, Constantine",
    journal = "Cardiology in the Young",
    year = "2005",
    volume = "15",
    number = "2",
    pages = "119-124",
    publisher = "Cambridge University Press",
    issn = "1047-9511, 1467-1107",
    doi = "10.1017/S1047951105000272",
    keywords = "arteries; valves; normative values",
    abstract = "Background: Definition of normative data of the great arteries from
neonatal to adult ages may aid in assessment of the growth of
cardiovascular structures, thus guiding the timing and type of
intervention in patients with congenital cardiac disease. Methods: We
calculated the cross-sectional areas of the arterial roots at the basal
attachment of the valvar leaflets, the sinuses, and standardized distal
sites using cineangiograms of 59 normal children and adolescents with
mean age of 5.4 plus or minus 4.7 years and a range from 0.1 to 16
years, the children having a mean weight of 21.2 plus or minus 15.7
kilograms, with a range from 2.2 to 68 kilograms, and mean height of 108
plus or minus 35 centimetres, with a range from 43 to 184 centimetres.
Values at each site were calculated averaging end-diastolic and
end-systolic measurements, and indexed to body surface area. Results are
expressed as the mean plus or minus the standard deviation. Results: The
diameter of the aortic root at the basal attachment of the leaflets was
249 plus or minus 26, the midpoint of the sinuses 379 plus or minus 59,
the sinutubular junction 290 plus or minus 58, the isthmus 158 plus or
minus 36, the postisthmic region 152 plus or minus 33, and the
descending aorta at the level of diaphragm 130 plus or minus 18
millimetres squared per metre squared. The pulmonary root measured at
the basal attachment of the leaflets was 253 plus or minus 28, the
midpoint of the sinuses 352 plus or minus 58, the sinutubular junction
293 plus or minus 58, the right pulmonary artery 176 plus or minus 25,
the left pulmonary artery 153 plus or minus 20, and sum of right and
left pulmonary arteries 330 plus or minus 37 millimetres squared per
metre squared. All indexes were consistent over a wide range for body
surface areas. Conclusions: Definition of normative data of the great
vessels may aid in the evaluation of congenital or acquired
abnormalities, serving as guidelines for intervention during medical or
surgical management and follow-up."
}