@article{3094348,
    title = "Dietary patterns among older Europeans: the EPIC-Elderly study",
    author = "Bamia, C and Orfanos, P and Ferrari, P and Overvad, K and Hundborg, HH and and Tjonneland, A and Olsen, A and Kesse, E and Boutron-Ruault, MC and and Clavel-Chapelon, F and Nagel, G and Boffetta, P and Boeing, H and and Hoffmann, K and Trichopoulos, D and Baibas, N and Psaltopoulou, T and and Norat, T and Slimani, N and Palli, D and Krogh, V and Panico, S and and Tumino, R and Sacerdote, C and Bueno-de-Mesquita, HB and Ocke, MC and and Peeters, PH and van Rossum, CT and Quiros, JR and Sanchez, MJ and and Navarro, C and Barricarte, A and Dorronsoro, M and Berglund, G and and Wirfalt, E and Hallmans, G and Johansson, I and Bingham, S and Khaw, KT and and Spencer, EA and Roddam, AW and Riboli, E and Trichopoulou, A",
    journal = "British Journal of Nutrition",
    year = "2005",
    volume = "94",
    number = "1",
    pages = "100-113",
    publisher = "Cambridge University Press",
    issn = "0007-1145, 1475-2662",
    doi = "10.1079/BJN20051456",
    keywords = "dietary patterns; elderly; cohort study",
    abstract = "Overall dietary patterns have been associated with health and longevity.
We used principal component (PC) and cluster analyses to identify the
prevailing dietary patterns of 99 744 participants, aged 60 years or
older, living in nine European countries and participating in the
European Prospective Investigation into Cancer and Nutrition
(EPIC-Elderly cohort) and to examine their socio-demographic and
lifestyle correlates. Two PC were identified: PC1 reflects a
‘vegetable-based’ diet with an emphasis on foods of plant origin, rice,
pasta and other grain rather than on margarine, potatoes and
non-alcoholic beverages. PC2 indicates a ‘sweet- and fat-dominated’ diet
with a preference for sweets, added fat and dairy products but not meat,
alcohol, bread and eggs. PC1 was associated with a younger age, a higher
level of education, physical activity, a higher BMI, a lower waist:hip
ratio and never and past smoking. PC2 was associated with older age,
less education, never having smoked, a lower BMI and waist:hip ratio and
lower levels of physical activity. Elderly individuals in southern
Europe scored positively on PC1 and about zero on PC2, whereas the
elderly in northern Europe scored negatively on PC1 and variably on PC2.
The results of cluster analysis were compatible with the indicated
dietary patterns. ‘Vegetable-based’ and a ‘sweet- and fat-dominated’
diets are prevalent among the elderly across Europe, and there is a
north-south gradient regarding their dietary choices. Our study
contributes to the identification of groups of elderly who are likely to
have different prospects for long-term disease occurrence and survival."
}