@article{3095054,
    title = "Insulin-stimulated rates of glucose uptake in muscle in hyperthyroidism: The importance of blood flow",
    author = "Dimitriadis, G. and Mitrou, P. and Lambadiari, V. and Boutati, E. and Maratou, E. and Koukkou, E. and Panagiotakos, D. and Tountas, N. and Economopoulos, T. and Raptis, S.A.",
    journal = "JOURNAL OF CLINICAL ENDOCRINOLOGY AND METABOLISM",
    year = "2008",
    volume = "93",
    number = "6",
    pages = "2413-2415",
    publisher = "Japan Endocrine Society",
    issn = "0021-972X",
    doi = "10.1210/jc.2007-2832",
    keywords = "glucose;  insulin, adult;  article;  clinical article;  controlled study;  female;  forearm blood flow;  glucose transport;  hormone action;  human;  hyperthyroidism;  male;  muscle blood flow;  plethysmography;  postprandial state;  priority journal",
    abstract = "Background: In hyperthyroidism, although hepatic insulin resistance is well established, information on the effects of insulin on glucose uptake in skeletal muscle is variable. Methods: To investigate this, a meal was given to nine hyperthyroid (HR) and seven euthyroid (EU) subjects. Blood was withdrawn for 360 min from a forearm deep vein and the radial artery for measurements of insulin and glucose. Forearm blood flow (BF) was measured with strain-gauge plethysmography. Glucose flux was calculated as arteriovenous difference multiplied by BF and fractional glucose extraction as arteriovenous difference divided by arterial glucose concentrations. Results: Both groups displayed comparable postprandial glucose levels, with the HR having higher insulin levels than the EU. In the forearm of HR vs. EU: 1) glucose flux was similar [area under the curve (AUC)0-360 673 ± 143 vs. 826 ± 157 μmol per 100 ml tissue]; 2) BF was increased (AUC0-360 3076 ± 338 vs. 1745 ± 145 ml per 100 ml tissue, P = 0.005); and 3) fractional glucose extraction was decreased (AUC0-360 14.5 ± 3 vs. 32 ± 5%min, P = 0.03). Conclusions: These results suggest that, in hyperthyroidism, insulin-stimulated glucose uptake in muscle is impaired; this defect is corrected, at least in part, by the increases in BF. Copyright © 2008 by The Endocrine Society."
}