@article{3097613,
    title = "Fruit and vegetable consumption and risk of epithelial ovarian cancer:
The European prospective investigation into cancer and nutrition",
    author = "Schulz, M and Lahmann, PH and Boeing, H and Hoffmann, K and Allen, N and and Key, TJA and Bingham, S and Wirfalt, E and Berglund, G and Lundin, E and and Hallmans, G and Lukanova, A and Garcia, CM and Gonzalez, CA and Tormo, and MJ and Quiros, JR and Ardanaz, E and Larranaga, N and Lund, E and Gram, and IT and Skeie, G and Peeters, PHM and van Gils, CH and Bueno-de-Mesquita, and HB and Buchner, FL and Pasanisi, P and Galasso, R and Palli, D and and Tumino, R and Vineis, P and Trichopoulou, A and Kalapothaki, V and and Trichopoulos, D and Chang-Claude, J and Linseisen, J and Boutron-Ruault, and MC and Touillaud, M and Clavel-Chapelon, F and Olsen, A and Tjonneland, and A and Overvad, K and Tetsche, M and Jenab, M and Norat, T and Kaaks, R and and Riboli, E",
    journal = "Cancer Epidemiology, Biomarkers & Prevention",
    year = "2005",
    volume = "14",
    number = "11, 1",
    pages = "2531-2535",
    publisher = "AMER ASSOC CANCER RESEARCH",
    issn = "1055-9965, 1538-7755",
    doi = "10.1158/1055-9965.EPI-05-0159",
    abstract = "Objective: The association between consumption of fruit and vegetables
and risk of ovarian cancer is still unclear from a prospective point of
view.
Methods: Female participants (n = 325,640) of the European Prospective
Investigation into Cancer and Nutrition study, free of any cancer at
baseline, were followed on average for 6.3 years to develop ovarian
cancer. During 2,049,346 person-years, 581 verified cases of primary,
invasive epithelial ovarian cancer were accrued. Consumption of fruits
and vegetables as well as subgroups of vegetables, estimated from
validated dietary questionnaires and calibrated thereafter, was related
to ovarian cancer incidence in multivariable hazard regression models.
Histologic subtype specific analyses were done.
Results: Total intake of fruit and vegetables, separately or combined,
as well as subgroups of vegetables (fruiting, root, leafy vegetables,
cabbages) was unrelated to risk of ovarian cancer. A high intake of
garlic/onion vegetables was associated with a borderline significant
reduced risk of this cancer. The examination by histologic subtype
indicated some differential effects of fruit and vegetable intake on
ovarian cancer risk.
Conclusion: Overall, a high intake of fruits and vegetables did not seem
to protect from ovarian cancer. Garlic/onion vegetables may exert a
beneficial effect. The study of the histologic subtype of the tumor
warrants further investigation."
}