@article{3104033,
    title = "Effectiveness of a family-, school- And community-based intervention on physical activity and its correlates in Belgian families with an increased risk for type 2 diabetes mellitus- And Feel4Diabetes-study",
    author = "Huys, N. and Van Stappen, V. and Shadid, S. and De Craemer, M. and Androutsos, O. and Wikström, K. and Makrilakis, K. and Moreno, L.A. and Iotova, V. and Tankova, T. and Nánási, A. and Manios, Y. and Cardon, G. and Manios, Y. and Kontogianni, M. and Androutsos, O. and Moschonis, G. and Tsoutsoulopoulou, K. and Mavrogianni, C. and Katsarou, C. and Karaglani, E. and Efstathopoulou, E. and Kechribari, I. and Maragkopoulou, K. and Argyri, E. and Douligeris, A. and Nikolaou, M. and Vampouli, E.-A. and Kouroupaki, K. and Koutsi, R. and Tzormpatzaki, E. and Manou, E. and Mpinou, P. and Karachaliou, A. and Filippou, C. and Filippou, A. and Lindström, J. and Laatikainen, T. and Wikström, K. and Nelimarkka, K. and Kivelä, J. and Valve, P. and Cardon, G. and Latomme, J. and Van Stappen, V. and Huys, N. and Annemans, L. and Pil, L. and Schwarz, P. and Panchyrz, I. and Holland, M. and Timpel, P. and Makrilakis, K. and Liatis, S. and Dafoulas, G. and Lambrinou, C.-P. and Giannopoulou, A. and Tsirigoti, L. and Fappa, E. and Anastasiou, C. and Zachari, K. and Rabemananjara, L. and Kakoulis, D. and Mandalia, M. and De Sabata, M.S. and Pall, N. and Civeira, F. and Bueno, G. and De Miguel-Etayo, P. and Gonzalez-Gil, E.M. and Mesana, M.I. and Vicente-Rodriguez, G. and Rodriguez, G. and Baila-Rueda, L. and Cenarro, A. and Jarauta, E. and Mateo-Gallego, R. and Iotova, V. and Tankova, T. and Usheva, N. and Tsochev, K. and Chakarova, N. and Galcheva, S. and Dimova, R. and Bocheva, Y. and Radkova, Z. and Marinova, V. and Rurik, I. and Ungvari, T. and Jancsó, Z. and Nánási, A. and Kolozsvári, L. and Martinez, R. and Tong, M. and Joutsenniemi, K. and Wendel-Mitoraj, K.",
    journal = "BMC Public Health",
    year = "2020",
    volume = "20",
    number = "1",
    publisher = "BioMed Central Ltd.",
    issn = "1471-2458",
    doi = "10.1186/s12889-020-09336-7",
    keywords = "adult;  Belgium;  child;  community care;  controlled study;  exercise;  family;  female;  health promotion;  human;  male;  non insulin dependent diabetes mellitus;  procedures;  program evaluation;  randomized controlled trial;  risk assessment;  school health service, Adult;  Belgium;  Child;  Community Health Services;  Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2;  Exercise;  Family;  Female;  Health Promotion;  Humans;  Male;  Program Evaluation;  Risk Assessment;  School Health Services",
    abstract = "Background: The study aimed to investigate the effectiveness of the European Feel4Diabetes intervention, promoting a healthy lifestyle, on physical activity and its correlates among families at risk for type 2 diabetes mellitus (based on the Finnish Diabetes Risk Score) in Belgium. Methods: The Feel4Diabetes intervention involved three components: family, school and community component, with the family component consisting of 6 counseling sessions for families at risk. Main outcomes were objectively measured physical activity levels and its subjectively measured correlates. The final sample consisted of 454 parents (mean age 39.4 years; 72.0% women) and 444 children (mean age 8.0 years; 50.1% girls). Multilevel repeated measures analyses were performed to assess intervention effectiveness after 1 year. Results: In parents, there was no significant intervention effect. In children, there were only significant negative effects for moderate to vigorous physical activity (p = 0.05; ηp2 = 0.008) and steps (p = 0.03; ηp2 = 0.006%) on weekdays, with physical activity decreasing (more) in the intervention group. Conclusions: The F4D-intervention lacks effectiveness on high-risk families' physical activity and its correlates in Belgium. This could partially be explained by low attendance rates and a large drop-out. To reach vulnerable populations, future interventions should invest in more appropriate recruitment (e.g. more face-to-face contact) and more bottom-up development of the intervention (i.e. co-creation of the intervention with the target group). Trial registration: The Feel4Diabetes-study was prospectively registered at clinicaltrials.gov as NCT02393872 on 20 March 2015. © 2020 The Author(s)."
}