@article{3104237,
    title = "Quitting behaviours and cessation methods used in eight European Countries in 2018: findings from the EUREST-PLUS ITC Europe Surveys",
    author = "Papadakis, S. and Katsaounou, P. and Kyriakos, C.N. and Balmford, J. and Tzavara, C. and Girvalaki, C. and Driezen, P. and Filippidis, F.T. and Herbeć, A. and Hummel, K. and Mcneill, A. and Mons, U. and Fernández, E. and Fu, M. and Trofor, A.C. and Demjén, T. and Zatoński, W.A. and Willemsen, M. and Fong, G.T. and Vardavas, C.I. and Glahn, A. and Nguyen, D. and Radu-Loghin, C. and Starchenko, P. and Tsatsakis, A. and Igoumenaki, C. and Nikitara, K. and Papathanasaki, A. and Tzatzarakis, M. and Vardavas, A.I. and Bécuwe, N. and Deaconu, L. and Goudet, S. and Hanley, C. and Rivière, O. and Kiss, J. and Kovacs, P.A. and Castellano, Y. and Nogueira, S.O. and Tigova, O. and East, K. and Hitchman, S.C. and Kahnert, S. and Tountas, Y. and Behrakis, P. and Gratziou, C. and Peleki, T. and Petroulia, I. and Eremia, M. and Lotrean, L. and Mihaltan, F. and Rohde, G. and Asano, T. and Cichon, C. and Far, A. and Genton, C. and Jessner, M. and Hedman, L. and Janson, C. and Lindberg, A. and Maguire, B. and Ravara, S. and Vaccaro, V. and Ward, B. and De Vries, H. and Nagelhout, G.E. and Janik-Koncewicz, K. and Przewoźniak, K. and Zatoński, M. and Agar, T.K. and Gravely, S. and Quah, A.C.K. and Thompson, M.E. and EUREST-PLUS Consortium",
    journal = "Central European Journal of Public Health",
    year = "2020",
    volume = "30",
    pages = "III26-III33",
    publisher = "Oxford University Press",
    issn = "1210-7778",
    doi = "10.1093/eurpub/ckaa082",
    abstract = "Background: We examined quit attempts, use of cessation assistance, quitting beliefs and intentions among smokers who participated in the 2018 International Tobacco Control (ITC) Europe Surveys in eight European Union Member States (England, Germany, Greece, Hungary, the Netherlands, Poland, Romania and Spain). Methods: Cross-sectional data from 11 543 smokers were collected from Wave 2 of the ITC Six European Country (6E) Survey (Germany, Greece, Hungary, Poland, Romania and Spain—2018), the ITC Netherlands Survey (the Netherlands—late 2017) and the Four Countries Smoking and Vaping (4CV1) Survey (England—2018). Logistic regression was used to examine associations between smokers’ characteristics and recent quit attempts. Results: Quit attempts in the past 12 months were more frequently reported by respondents in the Netherlands (33.0%) and England (29.3%) and least frequently in Hungary (11.5%), Greece (14.7%), Poland (16.7%) and Germany (16.7%). With the exception of England (35.9%), the majority (56–84%) of recent quit attempts was unaided. Making a quit attempt was associated with younger age, higher education and income, having a smoking-related illness and living in England. In all countries, the majority of continuing smokers did not intend to quit in the next 6 months, had moderate to high levels of nicotine dependence and perceived quitting to be difficult. Conclusions: Apart from England and the Netherlands, smokers made few quit attempts in the past year and had low intentions to quit in the near future. The use of cessation assistance was sub-optimal. There is a need to examine approaches to supporting quitting among the significant proportion of tobacco users in Europe and increase the use of cessation support as part of quit attempts. © The Author(s) 2020. Published by Oxford University Press on behalf of the European Public Health Association. All rights reserved."
}