@article{3104753,
    title = "Fetal subependymal giant cell astrocytoma: A case report and review of the literature",
    author = "Karagianni, A. and Karydakis, P. and Giakoumettis, D. and Nikas, I. and Sfakianos, G. and Themistocleous, M.",
    journal = "Surgical Neurology International",
    year = "2020",
    volume = "11",
    number = "26",
    publisher = "SCIENTIFIC SCHOLAR LLC",
    doi = "10.25259/SNI_10_2019",
    keywords = "everolimus;  glial fibrillary acidic protein;  protein S 100;  vigabatrin, angiomyolipoma;  calcification;  cancer patient;  cancer surgery;  case report;  cell differentiation;  choroid plexus papilloma;  clinical article;  craniotomy;  electroencephalogram;  female;  fetus;  focal epilepsy;  follow up;  gestational age;  human;  immunofluorescence;  immunohistochemistry;  macrophage;  microglia;  mortality;  nuclear magnetic resonance imaging;  pediatric patient;  physical examination;  postoperative period;  priority journal;  psammoma body;  Review;  subependymal giant cell astrocytoma;  surgical patient;  tuberous sclerosis;  tumor volume",
    abstract = "Background: Subependymal giant cell astrocytomas (SEGAs) appear approximately in 10% of patients with tuberous sclerosis. These tumors are most commonly diagnosed in childhood and adolescence, with in utero diagnosed SEGAs being an extremely rare entity. Case Description: We present the case of a congenital SEGA detected in an antenatal ultrasound and further investigated with fetal magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) scans at 22 and 32 weeks of gestational age. At 9 days of age, the child underwent craniotomy and partial excision of the tumor, followed by a second more extensive operation 13 days later. The patient was subsequently administered mammalian target of rapamycin inhibitor (everolimus). Conclusion: In the latest follow-up MRI, at the age of two, the SEGA remained unchanged. Management of these tumors in neonates is challenging, mainly due to high morbidity and mortality of surgical treatment in these ages. © 2020 Scientific Scholar. All rights reserved."
}