@article{3106025,
    title = "Trapped pre-macular bubble of octafluoropropane gas masquerading as retained submacular perfluorocarbon liquid",
    author = "Petrou, P. and Kokosiouli, D.-G. and Patel, T. and Banerjee, P.J. and Georgalas, I. and Papakonstantinou, D. and Brouzas, D. and Dacruz, L.",
    journal = "Case Reports in Ophthalmology",
    year = "2019",
    volume = "10",
    number = "2",
    pages = "200-204",
    publisher = "S Karger AG",
    issn = "1663-2699",
    doi = "10.1159/000499855",
    keywords = "fluorocarbon;  perflutren, adult;  Article;  case report;  clinical article;  clinical examination;  eye fundus;  eye photography;  hand movement;  human;  internal limiting membrane;  male;  middle aged;  pars plana vitrectomy;  pathological reflex;  priority journal;  retina detachment;  retina macula hole;  spectral domain optical coherence tomography;  visual acuity;  vitrectomy",
    abstract = "Introduction: To demonstrate, with the aid of retinal imaging, an abnormal post-operative macular appearance caused by the presence of a "fragmented" pre-retinal bubble of octafluoropropane (C3F8) masquerading as retained subretinal perfluorocarbon liquid (PFCL). Methods: This is an interventional case presentation. Results: Colour fundus photography high-resolution spectral domain-optical coherence tomography (SD-OCT) and clinical progress demonstrate that the abnormal reflex was caused by the presence of a small fragment of C3F8 becoming lodged at the pre-foveal area. Conclusion: Submacular entrapment of various substances used during vitrectomy has been described in a number of case reports and case series. To our knowledge, this is the first described case of a retained fragment of fluorocarbon gas trapped at the macula following successful retinal detachment repair and highlights a previously unreported cause of an abnormal foveal appearance. However, clinical examination together with the use of SD-OCT is helpful in differentiating the appearance from that seen in other retained vitrectomy adjuncts. © 2019 The Author(s). Published by S. Karger AG, Basel."
}