@article{3107262,
    title = "The effect of triple therapy on the mortality of catastrophic anti-phospholipid syndrome patients",
    author = "Rodríguez-Pintó, I. and Espinosa, G. and Erkan, D. and Shoenfeld, Y. and Cervera, R. and Piette, J.C. and Jacek, M. and Roca, B. and Tektonidou, M. and Moutsopoulos, H. and Boffa, J. and Chapman, J. and Stojanovich, L. and Veloso, M.P. and Praprotnik, S. and Traub, B. and Levy, R. and Daryl, T. and Tan, D. and Boffa, M.C. and Makatsaria, A. and Ruano, M. and Allievi, A. and You, W. and Khamastha, M. and Hughes, S. and Nilzete, L. and Menendez Suso, J. and Pacheco, J. and Boriotti, M.F. and Dias, C. and Pangtey, G. and Miller, S. and Policepatil, S. and Larissa, L. and Marjatta, S. and Carolyn, S. and Noortje, T. and Reiner, K. and Arteaga, S. and Leilani, T. and Langsford, D. and Niedzwiecki, M. and Queyrel, V. and Moroti-Constantinescu, R. and Romero, C. and Jeremic, K. and Urbano, A. and Hurtado-García, R. and Kumar Das, A. and Costedoat-Chalumeau, N. and Yngvar, F. and Gomez-Puerta, J.A. and de Meigs, E. and Smith, J.P. and Zakharova, E. and Nayer, A. and Douglas, W. and Lyndsey, R. and Blanco, V. and Vicent, C. and Natalya, K. and Damian, L. and Valentini, E. and Giula, B. and Casal Moura, M. and Loperena, O.A. and Susan, Y.R. and Imbert, G.G. and Almasri, H. and Hospach, T. and Mouna, B. and Robles, A. and Wilson, H. and Guisado, P. and Ruiz, R. and Rodriguez, J. and CAPS Registry Project Group",
    journal = "Rheumatology (United Kingdom)",
    year = "2018",
    volume = "57",
    number = "7",
    pages = "1264-1270",
    publisher = "Oxford University Press",
    doi = "10.1093/rheumatology/key082",
    keywords = "anticoagulant agent;  corticosteroid;  immunoglobulin, adult;  all cause mortality;  anticoagulant therapy;  antiphospholipid syndrome;  Article;  catastrophic antiphospholipid syndrome;  cohort analysis;  controlled study;  female;  human;  major clinical study;  male;  mortality rate;  mortality risk;  outcome assessment;  plasma exchange;  priority journal;  retrospective study;  survival;  terminal disease",
    abstract = "Objectives. The objective of this study was to assess the effect that triple therapy (anticoagulation plus CS plus plasma exchange and/or IVIGs) has on the mortality risk of patients with catastrophic APS (CAPS) included in the CAPS Registry. Methods. Patients from the CAPS Registry were grouped based on their treatments: triple therapy; drugs included in the triple therapy but in different combinations; and none of the treatments included in the triple therapy. The primary endpoint was all-cause mortality. Multivariate logistic regression models were used to compare mortality risk between groups. Results. The CAPS Registry cohort included 525 episodes of CAPS accounting for 502 patients. After excluding 54 episodes (10.3%), a total of 471 patients with CAPS were included [mean (S.D.) age 38.5 years (17); 68.2% female primary APS patients 62%]. Overall, 174 (36.9%) patients died. Triple therapy was prescribed in 189 episodes (40.1%), other combinations in 270 (57.3%) and none of those treatments in 12 episodes (2.5%); the mortality rate in the three groups was 28.6, 41.1 and 75%, respectively. Triple therapy was positively associated with a higher chance of survival when compared with non-treatment [adjusted odds ratio (OR) = 9.7, 95% CI: 2.3, 40.6] or treatment with other combinations of drugs included in the triple therapy (adjusted OR = 1.7, 95% CI: 1.2, 2.6). No statistical differences were found between patients that received triple therapy with plasma exchange or IVIGs (P = 0.92). Conclusion. Triple therapy is independently associated with a higher survival rate among patients with CAPS. © The Author(s) 2018. Published by Oxford University Press on behalf of the British Society for Rheumatology."
}