@article{3108204,
    title = "The autonomic nervous system as a therapeutic target in heart failure: a scientific position statement from the Translational Research Committee of the Heart Failure Association of the European Society of Cardiology",
    author = "van Bilsen, M. and Patel, H.C. and Bauersachs, J. and Böhm, M. and Borggrefe, M. and Brutsaert, D. and Coats, A.J.S. and de Boer, R.A. and de Keulenaer, G.W. and Filippatos, G.S. and Floras, J. and Grassi, G. and Jankowska, E.A. and Kornet, L. and Lunde, I.G. and Maack, C. and Mahfoud, F. and Pollesello, P. and Ponikowski, P. and Ruschitzka, F. and Sabbah, H.N. and Schultz, H.D. and Seferovic, P. and Slart, R.H.J.A. and Taggart, P. and Tocchetti, C.G. and Van Laake, L.W. and Zannad, F. and Heymans, S. and Lyon, A.R.",
    journal = "European Journal of Heart Failure",
    year = "2017",
    volume = "19",
    number = "11",
    pages = "1361-1378",
    publisher = "John Wiley and Sons Ltd",
    doi = "10.1002/ejhf.921",
    keywords = "(3 iodobenzyl)guanidine i 123;  caffeine;  digitoxin;  digoxin;  donepezil;  donepezil c 11;  epinephrine c 11;  glyceryl trinitrate;  methiodide quinuclidinyl benzilate c 11;  phenylephrine;  phenylephrine c 11;  placebo;  pyridostigmine;  tracer;  unclassified drug, adrenergic system;  Alzheimer disease;  Article;  autonomic dysfunction;  autonomic nervous system;  cholinergic system;  device therapy;  disease course;  drug targeting;  electrostimulation;  health care system;  heart disease;  heart failure;  human;  medical society;  nonhuman;  priority journal;  workshop;  autonomic nervous system;  cardiology;  consensus;  Europe;  heart failure;  medical society;  pathophysiology;  procedures;  translational research, Autonomic Nervous System;  Cardiology;  Consensus;  Europe;  Heart Failure;  Humans;  Societies, Medical;  Translational Medical Research",
    abstract = "Despite improvements in medical therapy and device-based treatment, heart failure (HF) continues to impose enormous burdens on patients and health care systems worldwide. Alterations in autonomic nervous system (ANS) activity contribute to cardiac disease progression, and the recent development of invasive techniques and electrical stimulation devices has opened new avenues for specific targeting of the sympathetic and parasympathetic branches of the ANS. The Heart Failure Association of the European Society of Cardiology recently organized an expert workshop which brought together clinicians, trialists and basic scientists to discuss the ANS as a therapeutic target in HF. The questions addressed were: (i) What are the abnormalities of ANS in HF patients? (ii) What methods are available to measure autonomic dysfunction? (iii) What therapeutic interventions are available to target the ANS in patients with HF, and what are their specific strengths and weaknesses? (iv) What have we learned from previous ANS trials? (v) How should we proceed in the future?. © 2017 The Authors. European Journal of Heart Failure © 2017 European Society of Cardiology"
}