@article{3108319,
    title = "Increase of circulating endocan over sepsis follow-up is associated with progression into organ dysfunction",
    author = "Ioakeimidou, A. and Pagalou, E. and Kontogiorgi, M. and Antoniadou, E. and Kaziani, K. and Psaroulis, K. and Giamarellos-Bourboulis, E.J. and Prekates, A. and Antonakos, N. and Lassale, P. and Gogos, C. and on behalf of the Hellenic Sepsis Study Group",
    journal = "European Journal of Clinical Microbiology and Infectious Diseases",
    year = "2017",
    volume = "36",
    number = "10",
    pages = "1749-1756",
    publisher = "Springer-Verlag",
    doi = "10.1007/s10096-017-2988-6",
    keywords = "angiopoietin 2;  endocan;  gamma interferon;  interleukin 10;  interleukin 6;  interleukin 8;  proteoglycan;  tumor necrosis factor;  unclassified drug;  C11orf2 protein, human;  cytokine;  ESM1 protein, human;  proteoglycan;  tumor protein;  vesicular transport protein, adult respiratory distress syndrome;  aged;  Article;  blood biochemistry;  comparative study;  controlled study;  critically ill patient;  cytokine production;  disease course;  enzyme immunoassay;  female;  follow up;  general condition deterioration;  human;  major clinical study;  male;  multiple organ failure;  priority journal;  prospective study;  protein blood level;  sepsis;  septic shock;  Sequential Organ Failure Assessment Score;  adult;  blood;  chemistry;  disease exacerbation;  enzyme linked immunosorbent assay;  longitudinal study;  middle aged;  organ dysfunction score;  pathology;  sepsis;  serum;  very elderly, Adult;  Aged;  Aged, 80 and over;  Cytokines;  Disease Progression;  Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assay;  Female;  Humans;  Longitudinal Studies;  Male;  Middle Aged;  Neoplasm Proteins;  Organ Dysfunction Scores;  Prospective Studies;  Proteoglycans;  Respiratory Distress Syndrome, Adult;  Sepsis;  Serum;  Vesicular Transport Proteins",
    abstract = "How circulating inflammatory mediators change upon sepsis progression has not been studied. We studied the follow-up changes of circulating vasoactive peptides and cytokines until the improvement or the worsening of a patient and progression into specific organ dysfunctions. In a prospective study, concentrations of tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNFα), interleukin (IL)-6, IL-8, IL-10, interferon-gamma (IFNγ), endocan and angiopoietin-2 (Ang-2) were measured in serum by an enzyme immunoassay in 175 patients at baseline; this was repeated within 24 h upon progression into new organ dysfunction (n = 141) or improvement (n = 34). Endocan and Ang-2 were the only parameters that were significantly increased among patients who worsened. Any increase of endocan was associated with worsening with odds ratio 16.65 (p < 0.0001). This increase was independently associated with progression into acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS) as shown after logistic regression analysis (odds ratio 2.91, p: 0.002). Changes of circulating cytokines do not mediate worsening of the critically ill patients. Instead endocan and Ang2 are increased and this may be interpreted as a key-playing role in the pathogenesis of ARDS and septic shock. Any increase of endocan is a surrogate of worsening of the clinical course. © 2017, Springer-Verlag Berlin Heidelberg."
}