@article{3112816,
    title = "A comparative study of anxiety and depression in patients with bronchial asthma, chronic obstructive pulmonary disease and tuberculosis in a general hospital of chest diseases",
    author = "Moussas, G. and Tselebis, A. and Karkanias, A. and Stamouli, D. and Ilias, I. and Bratis, D. and Vassila-Demi, K.",
    journal = "Annals of General Psychiatry",
    year = "2008",
    volume = "7",
    issn = "1744-859X",
    doi = "10.1186/1744-859X-7-7",
    keywords = "adult;  aged;  anxiety disorder;  article;  asthma;  Beck Depression Inventory;  chronic disease;  chronic obstructive lung disease;  comparative study;  controlled study;  correlation analysis;  depression;  disease course;  disease severity;  female;  general hospital;  human;  major clinical study;  male;  prevalence;  sex difference;  State Trait Anxiety Inventory;  statistical significance;  Student t test;  tuberculosis",
    abstract = "Background: Depression necessitating assistance from health professionals has a lifetime prevalence of 10%. Chronic disease increases comorbidity with mood and/or anxiety disorders. Patients with chronic pulmonary disease present with severely impaired functionality, chronic somatic and psychogenic pain, require frequent hospitalizations and have a dependency upon medical and nursing personnel. In the present study we assessed anxiety and depression in patients hospitalized for pulmonary disease in a pulmonary disease hospital. Methods: We assessed anxiety, using the Spielberger state-trait anxiety scale, and depression, using the Beck Depression Inventory, in 132 patients with pulmonary disease. Results: A total of 49.2% of the sample had moderate or severe depression and 26.5% had anxiety. Women had higher depression and anxiety scores than men (t test, p < 0.05). Depression was positively correlated with anxiety, age and time from diagnosis. Anxiety was positively correlated with depression and time from diagnosis (Pearson r = 0.62 and 0.29, p < 0.01). Patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease and bronchial asthma had higher depression scores than patients with tuberculosis (t test, p < 0.01). Conclusion: Depression and anxiety are very prevalent in patients with pulmonary disease, especially chronic disease. This may be a very important negative factor in patients' adaptation to the chronic course of their disease. © 2008 Moussas et al; licensee BioMed Central Ltd."
}