@article{3117453,
    title = "Transtympanic versus intramuscular steroid administration in a
histamine-induced inflammatory middle-ear model",
    author = "Chimona, T. S. and Panayiotides, J. G. and Papadakis, C. E. and and Helidonis, E. S. and Velegrakis, G. A.",
    journal = "JOURNAL OF LARYNGOLOGY AND OTOLOGY",
    year = "2007",
    volume = "121",
    number = "7",
    pages = "630-634",
    publisher = "Cambridge University Press",
    issn = "0022-2151",
    doi = "10.1017/S0022215106004968",
    keywords = "middle ear; mucous membrane; inflammation; steroids; animal model",
    abstract = "Objectives: Assessment of the histopathologic effect of transtympanic
and intramuscular administration of dexamethasone in an in vivo
experimental animal model of middle-ear mucosal inflammation.
Methods: Fifty healthy rabbits weighting 1500-1800g were randomly
divided in three groups. In 10 animals (control group), 0.5 ml of a 20
mg/ml histamine solution was injected transtympanically. In 20 rabbits
(group A), histamine challenge followed a three day intramuscular
pretreatment with dexamethasone at 1 mg/kg per day. In 20 rabbits (group
B), histamine challenge followed pretreatment with dexamethasone via a
transtympanic route (0.3 ml, 1.2 mg dexamethasone). Middle-ear mucosa
was obtained for histopathology 30 minutes after histamine
administration. The following parameters were assessed: inflammation,
acute inflammatory component, presence of eosinophils, inflammatory
activity and fibrosis.
Results: Oedema, vascular dilatation and congestion, inflammation, the
presence of an acute (polymorphonuclear) inflammatory component, the
presence of eosinophils, and inflammatory activity were found to be of a
lesser grade in the mucosae of group B. All differences were found to be
statistically highly significant (p < 0.01) using the Mann-Whitney test.
Conclusion: Our findings validate the transtympanic route of
dexamethasone administration in counteracting histamine effects."
}